非靶向代谢组学揭示南昆山毛叶茶绿茶和红茶的独特化学成分组成  

Non-targeted Metabolomics Reveals the Unique Chemical Composition of Green Tea and Black Tea from Camellia ptilophylla

作　　者：龚兴鑫 严毅鹏 吕敏 李斌[1,2] 陈忠正 张媛媛[1] 林晓蓉 GONG Xingxin;YAN Yipeng;LÜMin;LI Bin;CHEN Zhongzheng;ZHANG Yuanyuan;LIN Xiaorong(Scientific Research Base of Tea Comprehensive Utilization Technology Integration,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,College of Food Science,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学食品学院,农业农村部茶叶综合利用技术集成科研基地,广东广州510642 [2]广东省功能食品活性物重点实验室,广东广州510642

出　　处：《食品科学》2024年第19期112-122,共11页Food Science

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金青年提升项目(2023A1515030190);广东省自然科学基金面上项目(2022A1515011080);农业农村部农业科技创新能力条件建设项目(2020-440100-012846)。

摘　　要：为系统揭示珍稀天然低咖啡碱茶树南昆山毛叶茶的化学成分组成特性,以其绿茶和红茶为主要研究材料,以云南大叶种两茶类为对照,采用高分辨质谱技术非靶向鉴定其代谢物组成,利用主成分分析、聚类热图、正交偏最小二乘判别分析等方法,比较两品种、两茶类的代谢组差异,并结合标准品和数据库鉴定差异代谢物。结果表明,4种茶叶共鉴定到代谢物152种,以黄酮类为主(42%),可聚为4簇,两品种间的代谢组差异大于两茶类间的差异;与云南大叶种两茶类相比,南昆山毛叶绿茶以去甲基雏叶龙胆酮、表茶黄棓灵-3-O-没食子酸等14种黄酮和聚酯型儿茶素B同分异构体、可可碱等共24种相对含量较高的化合物为特征代谢物,南昆山毛叶红茶的特征代谢物包括没食子儿茶素-3,5-双没食子酸酯、去甲基雏叶龙胆酮、二氢杨梅素等25种黄酮,茶黄素-3-没食子酸酯异构体、聚酯型儿茶素A同分异构体、茶黄素-3,3’-双没食子酸酯等4种鞣质和可可碱等共40种化合物。本研究为进一步挖掘南昆山毛叶茶的功能活性成分提供了参考。To reveal the chemical composition profile of Camellia ptilophylla,a rare natural low-caffeine tea variety,nontargeted metabolomics based on high-resolution mass spectrometry(HR-MS)was employed to identify the metabolite composition of green tea and black tea from C.ptilophylla and C.sinensis var.assamica.Additionally,the metabolomic differences between the two types of tea and between the two tea varieties were analyzed using principal component analysis(PCA),cluster analysis(CA),and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA).Differential metabolites were identified using standards and database.A total of 152 metabolites were identified in the four tea samples,the major ones being flavonoids(42%).These metabolites were categorized into four clusters.The metabolomic difference between C.ptilophylla and C.sinensis var.assamica was more pronounced than that between green and black teas.Notably,24 metabolites including theasinensin B isomers,theobromine and 14 flavonoids such as tetrahydroxyxanthone and epitheaflagallin 3-O-gallate,which were more abundant in C.ptilophylla green tea than in C.sinensis green tea,were considered as the characteristic metabolites of C.ptilophylla green tea.In black tea from C.ptilophylla,40 characteristic metabolites were identified including 25 flavonoids such as gallocatechin-3,5-digallate,tetrahydroxyxanthone and dihydromyricetin;4 tannins such as theaflavin 3-gallate,theasinensin A isomers and theaflavin 3,3’-digallate;and theobromine.This study provides a reference for further exploration of bioactive compounds in C.ptilophylla.

关 键 词：南昆山毛叶茶 绿茶 红茶 非靶向代谢组学 化学成分组成 

分 类 号：TQ041[化学工程] S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]