河南省部分小学食堂午餐能量和营养素供应状况  

Energy and nutrient supply status of lunches in some primary school canteens in Henan Province

作　　者：张利锋[1] 杨瑞春[1] 翟志雷[1] 张洁[1] 马青青[1] 苏永恒[1] ZHANG Li-feng;YANG Rui-chun;ZHAI Zhi-lei;ZHANG Jie;MA Qing-qing;SU Yong-heng(Key Laboratory for Food Safety Risk Monitoring and Assessment,Zhengzhou,Henan 450016,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省疾病预防控制中心,河南省食品安全风险监测与评价重点实验室,河南郑州450016

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第19期3518-3522,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关计划(联合共建)项目(LHGJ20220166)。

摘　　要：目的 了解河南省小学食堂午餐能量和营养素供应量,为科学合理制定学生餐提供数据支撑。方法 随机抽取16所小学连续5 d的成品学生午餐80份,采用化学分析法测定其营养素含量,依据《学生餐营养指南》进行膳食评价。结果 小学午餐能量、钙、锌、硒的供应量分别为637.0 kcal、140.9 mg、1.7mg、10.2μg,均低于推荐量;膳食纤维、铁的供应量分别为5.8 g、5.8 mg,与推荐量基本持平;蛋白质、碳水化合物的供应量分别为25.6 g、91.4 g,均高于推荐量;维生素A的供应量仅为推荐量的29.6%;钠的供应量远大于推荐量。小学午餐能量、蛋白质、碳水化合物、膳食纤维(P=0.003)、钙、铁、硒的供应量占推荐量的构成比在城市和农村间的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物的供能比分别为15.3%、25.8%、56.4%,其构成比在城市和农村间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论 河南省小学午餐营养不均衡,钠的供应量远超过推荐量,维生素A和钙、锌、硒严重缺乏,建议加强营养指导。Objective To understand the energy and nutrient supply of lunches in primary school canteens in Henan Province,providing data support for the scientific and reasonable formulation of student meals.Methods A total of 80 samples of fin-ished student lunches were randomly selected from 16 primary schools over a period of 5 days,and their nutrient contents were determined using chemical analysis methods.Dietary evaluation was conducted according to the Nutrition Guidelines for Student Meals.Results The energy,calcium,zinc,and selenium supplied by primary school lunches were 637.0 kcal,140.9 mg,1.7 mg,and 10.2μg,respectively,all of which were below the recommended levels.The supply of dietary fiber and iron was 5.8 g and 5.8 mg,respectively,which was roughly in line with the recommended amounts.The protein and carbohydrate supplies were 25.6 g and 91.4 g,both exceeding the recommended levels.The supply of vitamin A was only 29.6%of the recommended amount,while sodium supply far exceeded the recommended level.The composition ratio of energy,protein,carbohydrates,dietary fiber(P-0.003),calcium,iron,and selenium in primary school lunches showed statistically significant differences between urban and rural areas(P<0.001).The energy contribution ratios of protein,fat,and carbohydrates were 15.3%,25.8%,and 56.4%,respectively,with significant differences in their composition ratios between urban and rural areas(P<0.001).Conclusion The nutrition of primary school lunches in Henan Province is unbalanced,with sodium supply signifi-cantly exceeding the recommended levels and severe deficiencies in vitamin A,calcium,zinc,and selenium.It is recom-mended to strengthen nutritional guidance.

关 键 词：能量和营养素 膳食评价 小学午餐 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]