中小学教师资格考试的现实困境与破解路径  

The Schoolteacher Certification Examinations:Realistic Dilemmas and Solutions

作　　者：唐明超 朱晓宏[1] Tang Mingchao;Zhu Xiaohong(College of Education,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100037)

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学教育学院,北京100037

出　　处：《教育研究》2024年第11期138-148,共11页Educational Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金2020年度教育学一般项目“教师专业伦理形象构成性研究”(编号:BEA200110)的研究成果。

摘　　要：中小学教师资格考试制度为提高基础教育质量提供了师资保证。目前,面向基础教育的师资培养已经提升至教育博士的专业化水平层次,而教师资格考试还处于职业准入水平,尚未满足基础教育对高素质专业化教师队伍的需求。研究发现,目前中小学教师资格考试存在三方面的现实困境:对考生真实教学能力的评估存在一定偏差,对确定性知识的考查占比过大,对考生考试分数的重视程度过高。为破解教师资格考试的现实困境,应立足教师职业的特殊性,澄清教师资格内涵,强化对教师专业能力的培养和考查。为此,教师资格考试有必要进一步明确考试目标,聚焦职前教师专业反思能力;优化考试内容,侧重考查知识实际应用水平;重视过程性评价,探索进阶式评价体系,保障高素质专业化教师队伍建设。The schoolteacher certification examinations system provides a guarantee for the improvement of the quality of basic education.Currently,teacher preparation for basic education has been professionally upgraded by the enrollment of candidates for doctors of education,but the schoolteacher certification examinations have not yet met the demand for high-quality professional teachers in basic education.This research finds that there are three realistic dilemmas in the current schoolteacher certification examinations:the deviated assessment of the candidates'real teaching abilities,the testing of a too large proportion of fixed knowledge,and the excessive emphasis on the candidates'test scores.To solve these realistic dilemmas in the teacher certification examinations,we should,based on the particularity of teachers profession,clarify the connotations of teachers'qualifications,and strengthen the cultivation and testing of teachers'professional competences.To this end,in the teacher certification examinations,we need to further clarify the goals for the examinations,and focus on pre-service teachers'ability in professional reflection;optimize the content of the examinations,and attach importance to the testing of the practical application of knowledge;and pay attention to the process evaluation,and explore a progressive evaluation system to ensure the development of high-quality professional teachers.

关 键 词：教师资格考试 教师专业化 反思性实践 教师能力 进阶式评价 

分 类 号：G635.1[文化科学—教育学]