预处理方式对干制莲藕品质特性的影响  

Effects of different pretreatment methods on the quality characteristics of dried lotus root

作　　者：李旭好 韩蒙 李芳[1] 刘云宏[1,2] LI Xuhao;HAN Meng;LI Fang;LIU Yunhong(Henan University of Science and Technology,School of Food and Bioengineering,Luoyang,Henan 471000,China;Food Microbiology Engineering and Technology Research Center of Henan Province,Luoyang,Henan 471000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学食品与生物工程学院,河南洛阳471000 [2]食品绿色加工与质量安全控制河南省国际联合实验室,河南洛阳471000

出　　处：《食品与机械》2024年第11期194-199,共6页Food and Machinery

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(编号:212102110080,232102321122)。

摘　　要：[目的]探究莲藕热泵干燥后适宜的预处理方式。[方法]将护色(CP)、渗透脱水(OD)、超声护色(USCP)、超声渗透脱水(USOD)、护色+超声渗透脱水(CP+USOD)及超声渗透脱水同步护色(USOD-CP)预处理应用于莲藕热泵干燥前,探究其对干制莲藕外观色泽、微观结构、营养成分和抗氧化活性的影响。[结果]在CP和OD过程中施加超声可以扩大莲藕的微观孔道;USCP预处理的莲藕多酚和烟酸含量最高,分别为15.64,21.08 mg/100 g,且色差值最低,为5.02;USOD-CP组莲藕的黄酮和总游离氨基酸含量最高,分别为207.05,149.04 mg/100 g;USCP和USOD-CP预处理的莲藕清除羟自由基能力较强,清除率分别为45.96%,45.94%;多酚与羟自由基清除率的正相关性最强。[结论]在莲藕热泵干燥前进行USCP和USOD-CP预处理可以进一步提升莲藕的干燥品质。[Objective]This study aimed to explore the appropriate pretreatment method of lotus root heat pump after drying.[Methods]Color protection(CP),osmotic dehydration(OD),ultrasonic color protection(USCP),ultrasonic osmotic dehydration(USOD),color protection+ultrasonic osmotic dehydration(CP+USOD)and ultrasonic osmotic dehydration synchronous color protection(USOD-CP)pretreatments were applied to the pretreatment of lotus root heat pump before drying.Their effects on the appearance color,microstructure,nutrient composition and antioxidant activity of dried lotus root were explored.[Results]Applying ultrasound during CP and OD can enlarge the microscopic pores of lotus roots.With levels of 15.64 and 21.08 mg/100 g,respectively,lotus root polyphenols and niacin processed by USCP were the greatest,while the color difference value was the lowest at 5.02.The contents of flavonoids and total free amino acids in lotus root in the USOD-CP group were the highest,which were 207.05 and 149.04 mg/100 g,respectively.The scavenging rates of USCP and USOD-CP pretreated lotus root were 45.96%and 45.94%,respectively.Polyphenols have the strongest correlation with hydroxyl radical scavenging.[Conclusion]USCP and USOD-CP pretreatment before the lotus root heat pump drying can further improve the drying quality of the lotus root.

关 键 词：莲藕 超声 护色 渗透脱水 热泵干燥 

分 类 号：TS254.58[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程]