不同生境白牡丹茶叶香气特征分析及产地判别  

Analysis of Aroma Characteristics and Origin Discrimination of White Peony Tea in Different Origins

作　　者：罗钦 毛方华 陈谢勇 陈静 黄彪 叶乃兴[2] 郑德勇[4] 韦航 姚清华 LUO Qin;MAO FangHua;CHEN XieYong;CHEN Jing;HUANG Biao;YE NaiXing;ZHENG DeYong;WEI Hang;YAO QingHua(Institute of Quality Standards&Testing Technology for Agro-Products,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality&Safety,Fuzhou 350003;College of Horticulture,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002;Tea College,Ningde Vocational and Technical College,Fu’an 355000,Fujian;College of Materials Engineering,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所/福建省农产品质量安全重点实验室,福州350003 [2]福建农林大学园艺学院,福州350002 [3]宁德职业技术学院茶学院,福建福安355000 [4]福建农林大学材料工程学院,福州350002

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2024年第23期4774-4793,I0026-I0031,共26页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：福建省科技计划-省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2022R1022004);福建省财政专项-福建省农业科学院创新团队建设项目(CXTD2021011-1);福建省人民政府-中国农业科学院“5511”协同创新工程(XTCXGC2021020)。

摘　　要：【目的】基于香气特征探究小区域白牡丹茶叶产地判别技术,为茶叶原产地溯源及品牌建设提供理论参考。【方法】通过顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析产自政和县、松溪县和福安市的白牡丹茶叶香气组成及含量,结合数理统计学方法,筛选特征性化合物,构建白牡丹茶叶产地判别模型。【结果】白牡丹茶叶香气物质包括醛类(24个)、酮类(23个)、醇类(22个)、酯类(14个)、酸类(8个)和其他类(烷、烯、喃、醚、酐、酚、胺、萘等)。白牡丹茶叶香气平均含量为(3 487.93±1 014.04)μg·kg^(-1),其中政和县样品中香气含量极显著高于松溪县和福安市样品(P<0.01),松溪县和福安市样品的平均总含量无显著性差异(P>0.05)。3个产地白牡丹茶叶含量均以醇类最高,酸类最低,而且3个产地白牡丹茶叶中醇类和酸类的总含量均无显著性差异,政和县样品中酮类、醛类和酯类的总含量分别极显著高于福安市和松溪县样品(P<0.01),但福安市和松溪县样品中酮类、醛类和酯类含量均无显著性差异(P>0.05);正己醇、1-辛烯-3-醇和苯甲醇等58个香气物质含量在不同产地间存在显著或极显著差异。PLS-DA和OPLS-DA模型均未出现过拟合,模型验证效果较好,2个模型的预测指数分别为0.732和0.728,判别准确率分别为98.89%和96.67%、VIP值≥1的特征性香气物质分别有38个和46个。逐步判别分析模型稳定且可信,其筛选出的特征香气物质有20个,初始和交叉验证的判别准确率均为100.00%。联合OPLS-DA、PLS-DA和逐步判别分析方法筛选出政和县样品中主要特征香气物质为乙基吡咯2-甲醛、香叶醛、8-十一烯醛、苯甲醇、2,6-二甲基环己醇、甲基庚烯酮、反式-3-壬烯-2-酮、环癸酮、壬酸乙酯、乙酸苄酯;松溪县样品中主要特征香气物质为β-紫罗酮;福安市样品中主要特征香气物质为庚醛、正己醇、橙花醇、3-壬烯-5-�【Objective】 This study aimed to explore the origin discrimination technology for White Peony tea from small regions based on aroma characterization,so as to provide the technical support for tea origin traceability and brand building.【Method】 The aroma composition of White Peony tea from the main production areas(Zhenghe,Songxi,and Fu'an) was analyzed using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) with a headspace solid-phase microextraction method.A model for identifying the origin of White Peony tea was constructed by integrating mathematical and statistical methods to screen for characteristic compounds.【Result】 The aroma compounds in White Peony tea were comprised with aldehydes(24),ketones(23),alcohols(22),esters(14),acids(8),and other compounds(alkanes,alkenes,furans,ethers,anhydrides,phenols,amines,naphthalenes,etc.).The average aroma content in the tea samples was(3 487.93±1 014.04) μg·kg^(-1).The average aroma content in samples from Zhenghe County was significantly higher than that in samples from Songxi County and Fu'an City(P<0.01).For samples from Songxi and Fu'an,there was no significant difference.The total content of alcohols and acids in samples were not significantly different across the three regions(P>0.05),while the total content of ketones,aldehydes,and esters in samples from Zhenghe were significantly higher than those in samples from Fu'an and Songxi(P<0.01).Furthermore,58 aromatic compounds,including hexanol,1-octen-3-ol,and benzyl alcohol,showed no significant differences among the three regions(P>0.05).The PLS-DA and OPLS-DA models were well-validated with prediction indices of 0.732 and 0.728,respectively,and the discrimination accuracy of them was 98.89% and 96.67%,respectively.Based on two models,38 and 46 characteristic aroma substances were identified with VIP values ≥1.The stepwise discriminant analysis also proved stable and reliable,screening 20 characteristic aroma compounds with 100% accuracy in both initial and cross-validation.Using combined OPLS-DA,P

关 键 词：不同产地 白牡丹 白茶 香气 逐步判别分析 

分 类 号：TS272.7[农业科学—茶叶生产加工] O657.63[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]