想象群际接触训练影响大班普通幼儿对特殊幼儿接纳态度的实验研究  

An Experimental Study on the Influence of Imagined Intergroup Contact Training on the Acceptance Attitude of Ordinary Children in Senior Classes to Special Needs Children

作　　者：阳泽[1] 何芷彤 尹丹妮 YANG Ze;HE Zhitong;YIN Danni(Faculty of education,Southwest University,Chongqing,400715,China;Chongqing Lixin Vocational Education Center,Chongqing,400036,China;Guizhou Special Education Vocational and Technical School,Guiyang,Guizhou,550081,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学教育学部,重庆400715 [2]重庆市立信职业教育中心,重庆400036 [3]贵州特殊教育中等职业技术学校,贵州贵阳550081

出　　处：《教育与教学研究》2025年第2期115-128,共14页Education and Teaching Research

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目“随班就读学生学校归属感的形成机制及其学校适应功能研究”(编号:20YJA880068)。

摘　　要：推进学前融合教育是我国融合教育发展的最新举措之一。为使学前融合教育真正落地并实现高质量发展,提升普通幼儿对特殊幼儿的接纳态度十分必要。文章通过自编想象群际接触训练方案,采取等组实验设计,对66名大班幼儿进行想象群际接触训练,探讨对普通幼儿进行想象群际接触训练能否改善他们对特殊幼儿的接纳态度。结果发现:想象群际接触训练能显著提高普通幼儿对特殊幼儿的情感和行为倾向接纳,而对客观现实行为的影响不显著;想象群际接触训练能促进普通幼儿对特殊幼儿的认识与理解;想象群际接触训练对大班普通幼儿对特殊幼儿接纳态度的提升有良好的延迟效应;想象群际接触训练对大班普通幼儿对特殊幼儿接纳态度的影响在性别方面存在显著性差异,在接纳态度总体、情感和行为倾向方面对女孩的效果优于男孩。促进普通幼儿对特殊幼儿接纳的建议:通过想象群际接触训练破解“融而难合”,促进融合教育的“心理融合”;要考虑想象群际接触训练的后续效应,兼顾短期和长期目标;关注性别差异,有针对性地开展想象群际接触训练;充分发挥幼儿教师与家长的引导作用,增进普通幼儿与特殊幼儿相处和接触的意愿。Advancing inclusive preschool education is one of the latest initiatives in the development of inclusive ed-ucation in China.To ensure the effective implementation and high-quality development of inclusive preschool education,it is essential to enhance the acceptance attitude of ordinary preschool children towards special needs children.This study adopts a self-designed imagined intergroup contact training program and uses an experimental design with equal groups to conduct imagined intergroup contact training on 66 kindergarten children in the senior class,exploring whether such train-ing can improve their acceptance attitude towards special needs children.The results show that imagined intergroup con-tact training can significantly improve the emotional and behavioral tendency acceptance of ordinary preschool children to-wards special needs children,but has no significant impact on their objective and realistic behaviors;it can also promote their understanding and awareness of special needs children;the training has a good delayed effect on enhancing the ac-ceptance attitude of ordinary preschool children in the senior class towards special needs children;there are significant gender differences in the impact of imagined intergroup contact training on the acceptance attitude of ordinary preschool children in the senior class towards special needs children,with girls showing better results than boys in terms of overall acceptance attitude,emotional and behavioral tendencies.Suggestions for promoting the acceptance of special needs chil-dren by ordinary preschool children include:utilizing imagined intergroup contact training to overcome the challenges of"integration without inclusion"and foster"psychological integration"in inclusive education;considering the subsequent ef-fects of imagined intergroup contact training and balancing short-term and long-term goals;paying attention to gender dif-ferences and conducting targeted imagined intergroup contact training;giving full play to the guiding role of preschool te

关 键 词：想象群际接触训练 普通幼儿 特殊幼儿 接纳态度 

分 类 号：G760[文化科学—特殊教育学] G610[文化科学—教育学]