回归生命立场:教育数字化转型中的知识观重塑  

Returning to the Life Stance:Reshaping the Knowledge View in the Digital Transformation in Education

作　　者：鲁子箫 Lu Zixiao(Education Development of Ethnic Minorities in Northwest China,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070;Northwest Normal University,School of Educational Sciences,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学西北少数民族教育发展研究中心,兰州730070 [2]西北师范大学教育科学学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《教育研究》2025年第1期57-69,共13页Educational Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金2024年度教育学一般项目“教育数字化转型中的知识观重塑研究”(编号:BPA240204)的研究成果。

摘　　要：教育数字化转型发端于数字智能技术在教育和知识两个方面的深刻变革,在此过程中,传统教育的知识本位立场面临知识超载的挑战,引发知识教育的合理性辩难和知识观重塑的必要性。回溯西方知识观变迁,显著的问题线索即知识的生命立场失落,表现为从确证主义到相对主义的知识本质观、从理性主义到经验主义的知识生成观、从生命实践到社会实践的知识价值观、从内在主义到外在主义的知识获得观。直面教育中的知识问题和知识数字化变革带来的生命隐忧,重申教育知识的生命立场,进而重塑教育知识观,是教育数字化转型的理论前提。借鉴古典主义知识传统,知识观重塑涉及本质观、生成观、价值观、获得观四个方面:跳出知识数据化陷阱,回归教育知识的求真本质;摆脱技术理性,养成教育知识生成的主体思维;超越工具理性,坚持教育知识育人价值的根本性;突破外在主义,重拾知识学习的心灵向度。教育知识回归生命立场,即回归知识源于生命本体、为了生命发展、通过生命实践而获取的本质,重新确立生命对知识的支配地位。Digital transformation in education originated from the profound changes of digital intelligence technology in both education and knowledge.During this process,the knowledge-oriented position of traditional education faces the challenge of knowledge overload,which leads to the debate over the rationality of knowledge education and the necessity of reshaping the knowledge view.A retrospect of the changes in Western knowledge views reveals an obvious clue of problems,namely the lost position of knowledge life:the view of knowledge's essence from positivism to relativism,the view of knowledge generation from rationalism to empiricism,the view of knowledge value from life practice to social practice,and the view of knowledge acquisition from internalism to externalism.Digital transformation in education is theoretically based on facing the malaise for life resulting from knowledge problems in education and the digitalization of knowledge,and reaffirming the life stance of educational knowledge,thus reshaping the view of educational knowledge.According to the classical knowledge tradition,the reshaping of the knowledge view involves the view of the essence of knowledge,the view of knowledge generation,the view of the value of knowledge,and the view of knowledge acquisition:jumping out of the trap of data-based knowledge,and returning to the truth-seeking nature of educational knowledge;getting rid of technological rationality,and developing subject-oriented thinking in educational knowledge generation;going beyond instrumental rationality,and upholding the fundamental value of talent cultivation by using educational knowledge;and breaking through externalism,and regaining the spiritual dimension of knowledge learning.The return of educational knowledge to life stance means returning to the essence that knowledge originated from life itself,that it develops for life,and that it is acquired through life practice,thus re-establishing the dominant position of life over knowledge.

关 键 词：教育数字化 知识 教育知识 知识观 生命立场 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]