高中化学必修教科书习题中问题情境的比较研究  

Comparative Study of Question Context in High School Compulsory Chemistry Textbook Exercises

作　　者：刘子烨 杨季冬 黄恭福 陈桂英 尹吕樱子 Liu Ziye;Yang Jidong;Huang Gongfu;Chen Guiying;Yin Lv Yingzi(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Hunan Normal University,Changsha,Hunan,410081;Hunan Academy of Education Sciences,Changsha,Hunan,410006;Zhangjiajie Academy of Education Sciences,Zhangjiajie,Hunan,427000;Hengyang No.1 Middle School,Hengyang,Hunan,421099)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学,湖南长沙410081 [2]湖南省教育科学研究院,湖南长沙410006 [3]张家界市教育科学研究院,湖南张家界427000 [4]湖南省衡阳市第一中学,湖南衡阳421099

出　　处：《考试研究》2025年第2期80-87,共8页Examinations Research

基　　金：湖南省普通高等学校教学改革研究项目“师范专业认证背景下化学师范生国际视野培育策略与实践”(202401000506);湖南省基础教育教学改革项目“基于核心素养发展的初中化学‘四步六化’单元教学设计与实践研究”(Y2024553)。

摘　　要：教科书中的习题对于过程性评价有着重要作用。基于问题情境的多重属性,构建教科书习题情境的分析框架,涉及情境的真实性、类型、作用、价值导向以及呈现方式五个维度。利用内容分析法对现行的人教版、苏教版和鲁科版高中化学必修教科书习题的问题情境进行比较分析。研究发现:三个版本的教科书均重视习题的问题情境创设,人教版习题情境体现化学学科育人价值较好,鲁科版关注学生对基础知识的理解,苏教版则介于两者之间;但从情境的真实性、多样性、价值性等方面来看,三个版本教科书的习题均有改进空间。对教科书课后习题的使用,提出针对情境欠佳的习题进行改编和教师加强对高水平情境习题的引导及综合使用各版本教材习题等建议。Textbook exercises play an important role in formative assessment.Based on the multiple attributes of question context,an analytical framework for textbook exercise contexts was constructed,covering five dimensions:the authenticity,type,function,value orientation,and presentation of the context.Using content analysis,a comparative study was conducted on the question context in the exercises of the current editions of high school chemistry textbooks by People's Education Press(PEP),Jiangsu Education Press,and Shandong Science and Technology Press.The study found that all three versions emphasize the creation of question context in exercises;the PEP edition better reflected the educational value of the chemistry discipline,the Shandong Science and Technology edition focuses on students'understanding of basic knowledge,and the Jiangsu Education Press edition fell in between.However,in terms of the authenticity,diversity,and value of the question context,the exercises in the three versions of the textbook all had room for improvement.Based on these findings,suggestions for the use of textbook exercises such as adapting exercises for poor situations,strengthening guidance on high-level situational exercises,and using exercises from various versions of textbooks comprehensively,were proposed.

关 键 词：问题情境 课后习题 过程性评价 化学教科书 高中化学 

分 类 号：G424.74[文化科学—课程与教学论]