冷藏黄鳝菌落演替规律及特定腐败菌致腐能力分析  

Microbial Succession Pattern and Spoilage Potential of Specific Spoilage Bacteria in Refrigerated Monopterus albus

作　　者：廖鄂 杨贝 李涵 陈玉 张莹 杨倩 陈季旺 LIAO E;YANG Bei;LI Han;CHEN Yu;ZHANG Ying;YANG Qian;CHEN Jiwang(College of Food Science and Engineering,Wuhan Polytechnic University,Wuhan 430023,China;Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products(Wuhan Polytechnic University),Wuhan 430023,China;Hubei Xiantao Monopterus albus Processing Rural Revitalization Science and Technology Innovation Demonstration Base,Xiantao 433018,China;Hubei Yuntaifang Food Co.Ltd.,Xiantao 433018,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉轻工大学食品科学与工程学院,湖北武汉430023 [2]农产品加工与转化湖北省重点实验室(武汉轻工大学),湖北武汉430023 [3]湖北仙桃黄鳝加工乡村振兴科技创新示范基地,湖北仙桃433018 [4]湖北允泰坊食品有限公司,湖北仙桃433018

出　　处：《食品科学》2025年第8期114-123,共10页Food Science

基　　金：湖北省重点研发计划项目(2023BBB111);中央引导地方科技发展专项(2022BGE247);湖北省乡村振兴科技支撑项目(2022BBA147);农产品加工与转化湖北省重点实验室项目(2023HBSQGDKFA01)。

摘　　要：为探究黄鳝在4℃冷藏过程中的微生物演替规律及特定腐败菌(specific spoilage organisms,SSOs)致腐能力,采用Illumina高通量测序技术对黄鳝冷藏过程中微生物群落的多样性及动态变化进行分析,并结合传统选择性培养法对SSOs进行分离鉴定,通过比较腐败代谢产物产量因子Y(TVB-N/CFU)评价其致腐能力。结果表明,在贮藏初期(0 d),黄鳝中的微生物丰富度和多样性最高,相对丰度≥5%的菌属包括链球菌属(Streptococcus)(31.56%)、孪生球菌属(Gemella)(11.69%)、盐单胞菌属(Salinivibrio)(7.5%)和卡氏伯克霍尔德菌属(Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia)(5.46%);贮藏中后期(≥15 d),漫游球菌属(Vagococcus)、不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)、Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia、嗜冷菌属(Psychrobacter)成为主要优势菌属。线性判别分析效应量分析结果表明,与贮藏初期(0 d)相比,贮藏中后期(≥15 d)样品中存在显著差异的标志菌属主要为Streptococcus、Gemella、Salinivibrio、Vagococcus、Acinetobacter、Psychrobacter。从贮藏30 d样品中筛选出6株SSOs,分别为荧光假单胞菌(Pseudomonas fluorescens)、蜡样芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus)、恶臭假单胞菌(P.putida)、约翰逊不动杆菌(Acinetobacter johnsonii)、棉子乳球菌(Lactococcus raffinolactis)、发散型肉杆菌(Carnobacterium divergens);Y(TVB-N/CFU)大小顺序为P.fluorescens(41.18 mg/CFU)>B.cereus(29.70 mg/CFU)>L.raffinolactis(15.07 mg/CFU)>A.johnsonii(14.59 mg/CFU)>P.putida(8.22 mg/CFU)>C.Divergens(4.61 mg/CFU)。本研究旨在揭示4℃冷藏黄鳝菌相变化规律及SSOs致腐能力,为进一步开发黄鳝高效冷藏保鲜技术奠定理论基础。To investigate the microbial succession and the spoilage potential of specific spoilage organisms(SSOs)in refrigerated Monopterus albus at 4℃,Illumina high-throughput sequencing was employed to analyze the diversity and dynamic shifts in microbial communities.Traditional selective culture methods were utilized to isolate and identify SSOs,and their spoilage potential was assessed by comparing the yield factor of spoilage metabolites(Y(TVB-N/CFU)).The results indicated that before storage(day 0),the microbial richness and diversity were the highest,with the relative abundance of Streptococcus(31.56%),Gemella(11.69%),Salinivibrio(7.5%),and Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia(5.46%)being greater than 5%.During the middle and late stages of storage(≥15 days),Vagococcus,Acinetobacter,Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia,and Psychrobacter emerged as the dominant genera.Linear discriminant analysis effect size(LEfSe)analysis revealed that the marker genera showing significant differences between before storage and after storage for≥15 days were primarily Streptococcus,Gemella,and Salinivibrio,Vagococcus,Acinetobacter,and Psychrobacter.Six SSOs were isolated from the 30-day stored sample,namely Pseudomonas fluorescens,Bacillus cereus,P.putida,Acinetobacter johnsonii,Lactococcus raffinolactis,and Carnobacterium divergens.The decreasing order of the Y(TVB-N/CFU)values of these SSOs was P.fluorescens(41.18 mg/CFU)>B.cereus(29.70 mg/CFU)>L.raffinolactis(15.07 mg/CFU)>A.johnsonii(14.59 mg/CFU)>P.putida(8.22 mg/CFU)>C.divergens(4.61 mg/CFU).This study provides a theoretical foundation for the development of efficient low-temperature preservation technologies for M.albus.

关 键 词：黄鳝 冷藏 高通量测序 菌落演替 特定腐败菌 致腐能力 

分 类 号：TS254.4[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程]