Neural circuit mechanisms of epilepsy:Maintenance of homeostasis at the cellular,synaptic,and neurotransmitter levels  

作　　者：Xueqing Du Yi Wang Xuefeng Wang Xin Tian Wei Jing 

机构地区：[1]Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University,Shanxi Bethune Hospital,Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences,Tongji Shanxi Hospital,Taiyuan,Shanxi Province,China [2]Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Zhejiang Chinese Medical University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang Province China [3]Department of Neurology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology,Chongqing,China [4]Key Laboratory of Major Brain Disease and Aging Research(Ministry of Education),Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing,China

出　　处：《Neural Regeneration Research》2026年第2期455-465,共11页中国神经再生研究(英文版)

基　　金：supported by Basic Research Programs of Science and Technology Commission Foundation of Shanxi Province,No.20210302123486(to WJ).

摘　　要：Epilepsy,a common neurological disorder,is characterized by recurrent seizures that can lead to cognitive,psychological,and neurobiological consequences.The pathogenesis of epilepsy involves neuronal dysfunction at the molecular,cellular,and neural circuit levels.Abnormal molecular signaling pathways or dysfunction of specific cell types can lead to epilepsy by disrupting the normal functioning of neural circuits.The continuous emergence of new technologies and the rapid advancement of existing ones have facilitated the discovery and comprehensive understanding of the neural circuit mechanisms underlying epilepsy.Therefore,this review aims to investigate the current understanding of the neural circuit mechanisms in epilepsy based on various technologies,including electroencephalography,magnetic resonance imaging,optogenetics,chemogenetics,deep brain stimulation,and brain-computer interfaces.Additionally,this review discusses these mechanisms from three perspectives:structural,synaptic,and transmitter circuits.The findings reveal that the neural circuit mechanisms of epilepsy encompass information transmission among different structures,interactions within the same structure,and the maintenance of homeostasis at the cellular,synaptic,and neurotransmitter levels.These findings offer new insights for investigating the pathophysiological mechanisms of epilepsy and enhancing its clinical diagnosis and treatment.

关 键 词：chemical genetics hippocampus literature review neural circuits NEUROTRANSMITTER OPTOGENETICS pathogenesis SEIZURE synapses THALAMUS 

分 类 号：R742.1[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]