The phenomena of pain,addiction,and anesthesia overlap through shared neurobiological mechanisms involving neurotransmitters and neural circuits.Central to these experiences is the principle of neuroplasticity,wherein...
Kratom(Mitragyna speciosa)is a plant that grows well in tropical climates such as in Southeast Asia.Traditionally,people discovered it possessed a stimulating effect that relieved tiredness.Furthermore,it contains ana...
funded by the grant from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft,(GRK2015/2)。
The widespread use of opioids to treat chronic pain led to a nation-wide crisis in the United States. Tens of thousands of deaths annually occur mainly due to respiratory depression, the most dangerous side effect of ...
Opioid crisis continues to gain ground in the United States with little regards to color or economic status.More than 800 people die weekly from opioid-related overdosestotally well over 42,000 deaths in 2016,and the ...
supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation(81471353 and 81771433);the National Basic Research Development Program of China(2015CB553500);the Science Fund for Creative Research Groups from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81521063)
MicroRNA-132(miR-132), a small RNA that regulates gene expression, is known to promote neurogenesis in the embryonic nervous system and adult brain.Although exposure to psychoactive substances can increase miR-132 exp...
Background: The opioid epidemic is a major threat to public health in the United States of America. Orange County, New York has been chosen for this study of Suboxone, a prescription medicine that is used to treat add...
supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2015CB553504);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81471350 and 81671321);the Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo Municipality,Zhejiang Province,China(2015A610193)
Activation of presynaptic group II metabotropic glutamate receptors(mGluR2/3) inhibits drug reward and drug-seeking behavior, but the role of N-acetylaspartylglutamate(NAAG), an agonist of endogenous mGluR2/3,in h...
Opioids have been used for treated pain for thousands of years. Meanwhile, opioids induce drug addic- tion, which causes serious medical and social problems. Most opioids research have been concentrated on neurons i...