support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.72273125);the Zhejiang Provincial Philosophy and Social Sciences Planning Project(Nos.22NDQN203YB,22ZJQN13YB);the JapaneseKAKENproject(No.24K04853).
Economic globalization in the 21st century has been characterized by the rise and spread of global value chains(GVCs).It faces significant challenges due to increasing domestic and international policy uncertainty in ...