我国餐饮业食品添加剂使用现状与对策研究  

Research on Current Status and Countermeasures of Uses of Food Additives in Catering Trade of China

作　　者：徐亚南[1,2] 张志强[3] 于军[4] 黄锦生[5] 张宏[6] 刘洪德 时玉昌[8] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心,北京100050 [2]青岛市卫生监督局,青岛266034 [3]卫生部卫生监督中心,北京100007 [4]卫生部卫生监督局,北京100044 [5]广东深圳市卫生监督所,深圳518020 [6]天津市卫生监督所,天津300204 [7]辽宁省卫生监督所,沈阳110005 [8]江苏省卫生监督所,南京210009

出　　处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2009年第3期215-220,共6页Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene

摘　　要：目的了解我国餐饮业使用食品添加剂的现状,发现存在的主要问题,并分析相关原因,为完善管理政策提供背景情况和科学依据。方法采用三阶段分层随机抽样的方法,对我国24个省、市、区的1 440家餐饮业进行现场调查。结果调查发现860家餐饮业在食品加工过程中使用食品添加剂,160家餐饮业使用了食品添加剂以外的化学物质和其他可能危害人体健康的物质。共发现使用的食品添加剂1 985种(次),超范围使用食品添加剂275种(次),食品添加剂以外的化学物质和其他可能危害人体健康的物质171种(次)。在使用添加剂的餐饮业中,42.9%采购添加剂时未索取任何证明,84.8%未配备食品添加剂专用称量工具,94.0%未建立食品添加剂使用记录,71.4%未设置食品添加剂固定存放场所。结论我国现行的法律法规和标准不完全适用于餐饮业食品添加剂的使用,餐饮业对安全使用食品添加剂认识不足,以至于目前餐饮业的食品添加剂使用存在较为严重的安全隐患,应尽快完善我国食品添加剂法律法规与标准,并加大培训与监管力度,严防餐饮业滥用食品添加剂造成的健康危害。Objective To realize the current situation of the uses of food additives in catering trade, in order to analyses the types and reasons of the hygienic problems so as to provide scientific basis for prevention and control measures. Method Multistage stratification random samples were used in this study. A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 1 440 catering trades from 24 provinces and cities of China. Results Food additives were used in 860 catering trade and chemical outside food additives or harmful substances were used in 160 catering trade of this study. A total of 1985 food additives, and 171 chemical outside food additives or harmful substances were examined, there were 275 cases of food additives which exceeded the scope of GB2760 ＂Hygienic standards for uses of food additives＂. 42.9 % of catering trade didn＇t request the identification of the additives when they make purchases. 84.8 % of them didn＇t equipped with weighing tools which used only for food additive, 94.0 % of them didn＇t records of the uses of additive, 71.4% didn＇t fixed place which deposit the additives. Conclusion The food regulations and standards in China are suitable incompletely to the using and supervision of food additives in catering trades. Catering operators lacked of cognitions in ensuring safe use of food additives. The regulations and standards of food additives should be improved as soon as possible, and progress in training and supervise should be did in order to prevent harmful of food additives abuse in catering trade.

关 键 词：餐馆 食品添加剂 研究 参考标准 立法 食品 安全 危害物质 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]