白莺山古茶的化学成分分析与栽培茶树的起源  

Chemical Analysis of Old Tea Trees in Bai-Ying-Shan Mountain and the Origin of Cultivated Tea

作　　者：张颖君[1] 杨崇仁[1,2] 曾恕芬[1,2] 陈可可[1] 江鸿健 左成林 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院昆明植物研究所化学与西部植物资源持续利用国家重点实验室,云南昆明650204 [2]维和生物技术研发中心,云南玉溪653100 [3]临沧市茶叶办公室,云南临沧677000 [4]云县茶叶办公室,云南云县675800

出　　处：《云南植物研究》2010年第1期77-82,共6页Acta Botanica Yunnanica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(NSFC30970287);云南省林业厅项目

摘　　要：应用高压液相色谱(HPLC)技术,对白莺山古茶的大理茶素、儿茶素类、茶棓素、没食子酸、咖啡因和茶氨酸的含量进行分析。同时,应用分光光度法测定茶多糖和茶多酚含量。在与野生大理茶及栽培大叶茶(普洱生茶)进行多成分比较的基础上,结合形态性状的变异与进化,讨论白莺山古茶种质资源的多样性与野生大理茶和栽培大叶茶的相互关系。分析研究结果不仅为白莺山古茶的品质评价提供可靠的科学数据,为白莺山丰富的古茶种质资源的深入系统研究和合理开发利用提供基础,同时,通过多种过渡类型的化学成分分析与比较,为栽培大叶茶的起源和大理茶作为大叶茶的野生基源之一的假说提供了植物化学方面的证据。The contents of dalichasu （1,2-di-O-galloyl-4,6-O-（S）-hexahydroxydiphenoyl-β-D-glucopyranose）,catechins,theogallin,gallic acid,caffeine and theanine in old tea trees from Bai-Ying-Shan mountain were quantitatively analyzed by HPLC method,while their total polysaccharides and polyphenols were measured by an UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Based on the chemical composition and morphological variation,the germplasm resource diversity of tea trees in Bai-Ying-Shan Mountain and their relationship with wild Camellia taliensis and cultivated tea （C.sinensis var. assamica） were discussed. The results provided not only the scientific data of quality evaluation of the old tea trees in Bai-Ying-Shan Mountain,but also the chemical evidence for the origin of cultivated tea and the hypothesis that C.taliensis might be one of the origins of cultivated tea during the long natural variation and artificial breeding.

关 键 词：古茶树 大叶茶 大理茶 茶的起源 茶多酚 茶多糖 茶氨酸 儿茶素 咖啡因 茶棓素 没食子酸 大理茶素 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]