冷破碎苹果皮渣中多糖提取工艺优化及除杂方法研究  

Study on optimization of extraction process and deprotein, depigment of polysaccharides from apple cold-break peel pomace

作　　者：李锦运[1] 郭玉蓉[1] 董守利[1] 段亮亮[1] 仇农学[1] 牛鹏飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学食品工程与营养科学学院,陕西西安710062

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2011年第7期274-277,共4页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：现代苹果产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(nycytx-08)

摘　　要：采用二次回归旋转组合设计方法从冷破碎苹果皮渣中提取多糖,研究了提取温度、提取时间、料液比、提取次数对多糖提取效果的影响,确定了冷破碎苹果皮渣多糖的最佳提取范围。实验结果表明,影响冷破碎苹果皮渣多糖提取率三因素的主次顺序为:提取温度>提取时间>料液比。优化后的回归方程为:Y=7.5966+0.5336X1+0.4946X2+0.2298X3+0.3611X21+0.1914X22。冷破碎苹果皮渣多糖最优提取工艺为:提取时间为5.7h、提取温度为95.2℃以及料液比为1∶93,在此条件下可得最大提取率11.28%。采用HCl法可将多糖中蛋白质脱除80.2%,多糖损失率为9.7%;透析法对多糖脱色效果最好,透析后透光率可达到65.9%,提高了23.5%,多糖损失率仅为31.7%。Quadratic orthogonal rotation combination design was used to study the effects of some main technological conditions, including extraction temperature, extraction time and ratio of solvent to solid, extraction number on extraction yield of apple polysaccharides from apple cold-break peel pomace.Effects of apple cold- break peel pomace extraction rate of polysaccharides order of the three factors was extraction temperature, extraction time,liquid ratio.The optimized regression equation was Y = 7.5966 ＋ 0.5336X1 ＋ 0.4946X2 ＋ 0.2298X3 ＋ 0.3611X2^2 ＋0.1914X2^2 .The maximum extraction yield of 11.28% was achieved by the optimal extraction for 5.7h at 95.2℃ with a ratio of solid to solvent 1：93.The results showed that the percentage of removed protein for the HCl method was 80.2%, and the percentage of decomposed polysaccharide was 9.7%.The dialysis was an optimal method for removing pigments,the light transmittance of the solution was 65.9% and increased by 23.5%, and the rate of decomposed polysaccharide was 31.7%.

关 键 词：苹果多糖 提取 二次回归旋转组合设计 脱蛋白 脱色 

分 类 号：TS255.2[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]