基于预报微生物学理论的鲜切西兰花货架期预测模型  

Shelf-life Prediction Model of Fresh-cut Broccoli Based on Predictive Microbiology Theory

作　　者：肖璐[1] 范新光[1,2,3] 王美兰[1] 张长峰 张振富[1] 郭风军 王国利 

机构地区：[1]烟台大学食品科学与工程研究所,山东烟台264005 [2]山东省农产品贮运保鲜技术重点实验室,济南250103 [3]国家农产品现代物流工程技术研究中心,济南250103

出　　处：《中国食品学报》2014年第9期141-146,共6页Journal of Chinese Institute Of Food Science and Technology

基　　金："十二五"农村领域国家科技计划项目(2011BAD24B02);国家高科技研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2011AA100702)

摘　　要：将鲜切西兰花减压处理36 h,减压参数为温度（0±0.5）℃,压力（1 000±50）Pa,湿度85%~95%,换气量100mL/min,分别置于0,5,10,15,20℃下贮藏,定期对假单胞菌进行检测。利用修正的Compertz方程构建不同温度下微生物生长的动力学模型,再结合Belehradek方程,讨论假单胞菌生长的μmax（最大比生长速率）和λ（延滞时间）与温度的关系,最终建立鲜切西兰花货架期预测模型,并对预测模型进行准确性评估。研究发现：修正的Compertz方程能较好地拟合不同温度下鲜切西兰花假单胞菌生长的S型曲线,R2均大于0.95。假单胞菌生长的Nmax（最大菌数）随着温度的变化波动不大,平均值为（8.3122±0.0651）lg（CFU/g）。μmax随着温度的上升而变大,λ随温度的增加而减小,结合Belehradek方程发现：在0~20℃范围,μmax0.5、（λ-1）0.5与温度T之间均存在良好的线性关系,R2分别为0.9933,0.9941。确定了Ns（最小腐败水平）并建立了减压处理鲜切西兰花的货架期预测模型SL,各参数为：Nmax=8.3122 lg（CFU/g）,Ns=7.6990 lg（CFU/g）,bμ=0.0263,Tminμ=-11.9810,bλ=0.0294,Tminλ=-24.4572。通过测定8℃贮藏温度下鲜切西兰花中假单胞菌的生长状态,验证货架期预测模型的准确性,结果表明：预测值和实测值的相对误差为-6.86%,说明该货架期预测模型SL可有效预测减压处理鲜切西兰花在0~20℃范围内任意温度下的货架期。In this research, the Pseudomonad spp. number was determined during storing period while the fresh-cut broeeolis were stored at five different temperatures （0,5,10,15,20 ℃） respectively after hypobarie treatment for 36 h with the parameter as follows： temperature, （0±0.5） ℃; pressure,（1 000±50）Pa; humidity, 85%-95%; ventilation volume, 100 mL/min. Based on predictive microbiology theory the kinetics models of Pseudomonas spp. had been set up by modified Compertz equation and the relationship between temperature and μmax（maximum specific growth rate）, A （lag time） was discussed combined with Belehradek equation. Finally, the shelf-life prediction model of fresh-cut broccoli was de- veloped, followed by an accuracy assessment of the shelf-life prediction model. The result indicated that the growth cruves of Pseudomonad spp. on fresh-cut broccoli at above five temperatures could be well described by the modified Compertz equation （R2〉0.95）. The temperature had no significant effect on Nmax （maximum cell concentration）, and the average value of Nmax was determined to be （8.3122±0.0651）1g （CFU/g） at those five temperatures. It was observed that μmax increased with increasing temperature while A decreased with increasing temperature. The temperature dependence of μmax and A was modeled using Belehradek equation, and the linear relationship between T （temperature） and μmax0.5, （λ-1） 0.5 could be well described by the correlation regression showed（R2 were 0.9933, 0.9941 respectively）. The Ns （minimal spoilage level） was 7.6990 lg （CFU/g） which was the average number of Pseudomonad spp. at different temperatures at the end of shelf life. The parameters of the the shelf-life prediction model of fresh-cut broccoli were： Nmax=8.31221g （CFU/g）, Ns=7.6990 lg （CFU/g）, bμ=0,0263, Tminμ=-11.9810, bx=0.0294, Tminλ=-24.4572. Validation of built shelf-life prediction model was preferred by comparing with experimental development of Pseudomonas slap.

关 键 词：预报微生物学 鲜切西兰花 减压处理 假单胞菌 货架期预测 

分 类 号：TS201.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]