A new look at auranofin,dextromethorphan and rosiglitazone for reduction of glia-mediated inflammation in neurodegenerative diseases  

作　　者：Jocelyn M.Madeira Stephanie M.Schindler Andis Klegeris 

机构地区：[1]Department of Biology,University of British Columbia Okanagan Campus

出　　处：《Neural Regeneration Research》2015年第3期391-393,共3页中国神经再生研究（英文版）

基　　金：supported by a grant from the Jack Brown;Family Alzheimer’s Disease Research Foundation

摘　　要：Neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer＇s disease are characterized by chronic in- flammation in the central nervous system. The two main glial types involved in inflammatory reactions are microglia and astrocytes. While these cells normally protect neurons by providing nutrients and growth factors, disease specific stimuli can induce glial secretion of neurotoxins. It has been hypothesized that reducing glia-mediated inflammation could diminish neuronal loss. This hypothesis is supported by observations that chronic use of non-steroidal anti-inflamma- tory drugs （NSAIDs） is linked with lower incidences of neurodegenerative disease. It is possible that the NSAIDs are not potent enough to appreciably reduce chronic neuroinflammation after disease processes are fully established. Gold thiol compounds, including auranofin, comprise an- other class of medications effective at reducing peripheral inflammation. We have demonstrated that auranofin inhibits human microglia- and astrocyte-mediated neurotoxicity. Other drugs which are currently used to treat peripheral inflammatory conditions could be helpful in neu- rodegenerative disease. Three different classes of anti-inflammatory compounds, which have a potential to inhibit neuroinflammation are highlighted below.Neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer＇s disease are characterized by chronic in- flammation in the central nervous system. The two main glial types involved in inflammatory reactions are microglia and astrocytes. While these cells normally protect neurons by providing nutrients and growth factors, disease specific stimuli can induce glial secretion of neurotoxins. It has been hypothesized that reducing glia-mediated inflammation could diminish neuronal loss. This hypothesis is supported by observations that chronic use of non-steroidal anti-inflamma- tory drugs （NSAIDs） is linked with lower incidences of neurodegenerative disease. It is possible that the NSAIDs are not potent enough to appreciably reduce chronic neuroinflammation after disease processes are fully established. Gold thiol compounds, including auranofin, comprise an- other class of medications effective at reducing peripheral inflammation. We have demonstrated that auranofin inhibits human microglia- and astrocyte-mediated neurotoxicity. Other drugs which are currently used to treat peripheral inflammatory conditions could be helpful in neu- rodegenerative disease. Three different classes of anti-inflammatory compounds, which have a potential to inhibit neuroinflammation are highlighted below.

关 键 词：AURANOFIN DEXTROMETHORPHAN ROSIGLITAZONE Alzheimer＇s disease neuroinflammation NEURODEGENERATION rnicroglia ASTROCYTES 

分 类 号：R741[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]