脱脂溶剂对大豆分离蛋白、7S和11S球蛋白提取率及纯度的影响  

Effect of defatting solvents on extraction rate and purity of soybean protein isolate,7S and 11S globulins

作　　者：张逸婧[1] 刘永祥[1] 陈思远[1] 陈海娟[1] 张云璐[1] 周建新[1] 沈新春[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京财经大学食品科学与工程学院,江苏省现代粮食流通与安全协同创新中心,江苏高校粮油质量安全控制及深加工重点实验室,南京210023

出　　处：《中国油脂》2016年第2期30-33,共4页China Oils and Fats

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21476103);江苏省高校自然科学重大研究项目(14KJA550002);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20141484);江苏省“六大人才高峰”资助(2013-NY-027);2015江苏省高校优秀科技创新团队资助项目;南京财经大学研究生科技创新计划资助项目

摘　　要：研究了正己烷-乙醇(体积比2∶1)、正己烷、乙醚3种脱脂溶剂对大豆分离蛋白(SPI)、β-伴大豆球蛋白(7S)和大豆球蛋白(11S)提取率和纯度的影响。结果表明:经3种脱脂溶剂脱脂后的SPI脂类残留和7S球蛋白提取率差异极显著(P<0.01),SPI的提取率和蛋白质含量差异不显著(P>0.05);经乙醚脱脂的脱脂大豆粉及其制备的SPI脂类残留最低,分别为0.3%和0.2%;乙醚脱脂的7S和11S球蛋白提取率和纯度最高,提取率分别为73.5%和84.8%,纯度分别为77.3%和90.2%。根据对SPI、7S和11S球蛋白提取率及纯度的影响,大豆脱脂溶剂应选择乙醚。The effects of three kinds of defatting solvents（ hexane- ethanol（ volume ratio 2 ∶ 1）,hexane and ethyl ether） on the extraction rate and purity of the soybean protein isolate（ SPI）,β- conglycinin（ 7S） and glycinin（ 11S） were studied. The results showed that there were significant differences（ P 0. 01） between residual lipid of SPI and extraction rate of 7S after being defatted by three kinds of defatting solvents,but there was no significant difference（ P 0. 05） between the extraction rate and protein content of SPI. The residual lipids of ethyl ether defatted soybean powder and SPI were the lowest,down to 0. 3% and 0. 2% respectively. The extraction rate and purity of 7S and 11 S globulins defatted by ethyl ether were the highest,up to 73. 5%,84. 8% and 77. 3%,90. 2% respectively. According to the effect on the extraction rates and purities of SPI,7S and 11 S globulins,ethyl ether should be chosen as the defatting solvent for soybean.

关 键 词：脱脂溶剂 大豆分离蛋白 7S球蛋白 11S球蛋白 提取率 纯度 

分 类 号：TS201.21[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]