同一葡萄园不同‘赤霞珠’植株的浆果品质差异  

Quality Differences among Different‘Cabernet Sauvignon'Vines in Same Vineyard

作　　者：张雪[1] 何非[1] 王羽西[1] 刘鑫[1] 朱燕溶 杨哲[1] 石英[1] 段长青[1] 王军[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院,葡萄与葡萄酒研究中心,北京100083

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2016年第4期568-579,共12页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-30)~~

摘　　要：为研究同一地块不同植株间果实品质的差异,连续2a(2012、2013年)以怀来县同一葡萄园内2000年定植的‘赤霞珠’为材料,采用5点取样法选取5株葡萄树,对每株葡萄树的相关指标及果实酿酒品质指标进行测定。结果表明,不同指标在株间及年间存在差异。2012年,第1株产量最高,达0.90kg,是产量最低的第2株的1.88倍;第5株的平均浆果质量达1.22g,显著高于其余4株;果实可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、K元素、总酚及总花色苷在株间无显著差异;黄酮醇及黄烷醇总质量分数均为第1株最高,分别为180.08μg/g和0.88mg/g;酒石酸质量分数第4株为5.17mg/g,显著低于其余4株,第2株苹果酸的质量分数达3.39mg/g,显著高于其余各株。2013年平均株产及平均浆果质量均高于2012年,且第2株产量最高,达2.79kg,第4株平均浆果质量为1.08g,显著低于其余4株;2013年总酚及总花色苷的质量分数在株间无显著性差异,而果实可溶性固形物质量分数及可滴定酸质量浓度均存在显著性差异。2013年各株葡萄果实酒石酸质量分数显著高于2012年,且最高的第3株比最低的第5株高7.3%;苹果酸质量分数在株间变异较大,其中第5株最低,为质量分数最高的第4株的65.9%。表明在栽培管理一致的情况下,同一地块的植株间果实品质仍存在一定差异。The heterogeneity of grape is effected by varieties,climatic conditions and vineyard management and so on,which has an great influence on wine quality.In order to study the differences of berry quality between vines in the same vineyard,five‘Cabernet Sauvignon＇vines planted in a same vineyard were investigated over two consecutive years（2012,2013）by five-point sampling method.Yield component and berry quality of each vine was detected individually.Difference was found among vines and different years.In 2012,Vine No.1got the highest yield of 0.90 kg,which was 1.88 times of Vine No.2and the berry mass of Vine No.5was higher than the others.No significant difference of Brix,titratable acid,total phenols,total anthocyanins and potassium was discovered among different vines.Vine No.1accumulated the highest mass fraction of total flavonols as well as total flavanols,up to180.08μg/g and 0.88mg/g.In addition,the lowest mass fraction of tartaric acid and the highest mass fraction of malic acid were detected in Vine No.4and Vine No.2,respectively.Comparing with 2012,the vines got a higher yield and mean berry mass in 2013.The yield of Vine No.2was 2.79 kg,significantly higher than the other vines.Same to the result of 2012,no significant difference was found in total phenols and anthocyanins among grapevines in 2013,while significant difference was showed in Brix and titratable acid.The mass fraction of tartaric acid in 2013 was higher than that in 2012,and a7.3percent of increase was detectived between Vine No.3（highest）and Vine No.5（lowest）.Meanwhile,Vine No.5accumulated the lowest mass fraction of malic acid,equivalently 65.9percent of that of Vine No.4.The result suggested significant differences existed in the same vineyard,even though identical management and climatic conditions.As a basic investigation of wine grape quality variation among grapevines,the present research provides a reference for further research on reducing the berry heterogeneity and improving the grape quality.

关 键 词：赤霞珠 葡萄果实 植株 异质性 葡萄酒品质 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]