微波真空干燥辅助不同方法提取红油香椿嫩芽挥发性成分的分析比较  

Comparison of volatiles extracted by different approaches from Toonasinensis dried by microwave-vacuum

作　　者：杨慧[1] 王赵改[1] 王晓敏[1] 史冠莹[1] 张乐[1] 梁万平 

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院农副产品加工研究中心,河南郑州450002 [2]驻马店市农业科学院资源环境研究所,河南驻马店463000

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2016年第17期272-280,共9页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：河南省财政预算项目(豫财预(2016)79号);河南省财政预算项目(20148410);中央财政农业技术推广补助资金(豫财农(2014)315号)

摘　　要：为了分析不同方法提取香椿挥发性成分的差异,采用顶空固相微萃取法(HS-SPME)、超临界二氧化碳法(SFE-CO2)、超声波辅助乙醚法(UWE)提取真空微波干燥处理后的香椿挥发性风味物质,并利用GC-MS对提取的样品进行检测、分析及鉴定。结果表明,顶空固相微萃取法共检测出71种风味物质,主要为烯类、酮类与醇类;超临界二氧化碳法检测出56种风味物质,主要为烯类、醛类与醇类;超声波辅助乙醚法可检测出68种风味物质,主要为烯类。HS-SPME法检测的醛类、含硫类、酮类、醇类、酯类、烃类等相对含量最高,UWE法检测的烯类相对含量最高。HS-SPME法还检测出其它两种方法未检测到的含硫类物质——二丙烯基硫醚和叔十六硫醇,这些物质与其它化合物共同赋予了香椿独特的风味。三种方法在提取香椿挥发性化合物种类、组分、相对含量存在差异,HS-SPME法能最大程度的提取香椿挥发性成分,较真实、全面的反映香椿香气特征。In order to analyze the difference of volatiles, the volatile components of Toonasinensis dried by microwave- vacuum were extracted by headspace solid - phase micro- extraction （ HS - SPME）, supercritical carbon dioxide（SFE-CO2 ）and ultrasonic wave with ether （UWE）.The results qualitatively identified by GC-MS showed that 71 volatile compounds were detected by HS-SPME and alkenes, ketones, alcohols were the major constituents.58 volatile compounds were detected by SFE-CO2 and alkenes, aldehydes, alcohols were the major constituents.68 volatile compounds were detected by UWE and alkenes were the major constituents.The relative contents of aldehydes, sulfur, ketones, alcohols, esters, hydrocarbons, detected by HS-SPME were all at the higer level,while alkenes by UWE were the highest.The 1-（1-Propenylthio） propane and tert-hexadecanethiol were only detected by HS-SPME,which played an important role in unique flavor of Toonasinensis.There were differences in species, components and relative contents of volatile compounds extracted by three different methods, and HS-SPME could extract characterized components of Toonasinensis to the utmost and reflect the characteristics of its aroma better.

关 键 词：香椿 挥发性成分 顶空固相微萃取 超临界CO2 超声波辅助乙醚 提取 

分 类 号：TS255.1[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]