基于气相色谱-质谱联用技术的蝎子中脂肪酸与氨基酸的同时提取与分析  

Analysis of Fatty Acids and Amino Acids in Scorpion by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

作　　者：杨芹[1] 陶瑞[1] 王鸿超[1] 王顺合 陈卫[1] 陈海琴[1] 陈永泉[1] 

机构地区：[1]江南大学食品学院,江苏无锡214122

出　　处：《中国食品学报》2016年第10期174-182,共9页Journal of Chinese Institute Of Food Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(21505054);江苏省自然科学基金青年项目(BK20150132)

摘　　要：为从小分子角度了解蝎子发挥营养及药用功效的物质基础,采用甲基叔丁基醚-甲醇-水体系提取样品,分别通过提取溶剂体系的上层有机相富集全蝎中的疏水化合物,下层水相提取极性小分子。提取物经气相色谱-质谱分析,在非极性组分中检测到30种脂肪酸,70%以上为不饱和脂肪酸;在其极性组分中检测到氨基酸类、有机酸类及糖类等化合物,以氨基酸类化合物为主,占总极性化合物50%以上。这些具有多种生物活性及营养价值的不饱和脂肪酸、氨基酸可能是全蝎发挥药效及食疗作用的物质基础。与文献报道全蝎中脂肪酸组成以饱和脂肪酸为主不同,检测到的脂肪酸主要是油酸和cis-9,cis-12-亚油酸,其次为棕榈酸和硬脂酸。在全蝎中发现的游离氨基酸共有13种蛋白质氨基酸和3种非蛋白质氨基酸,包括7种必需氨基酸(赖氨酸除外)和6种药效氨基酸。该工作为进一步研究全蝎的药用及食用价值提供了物质基础。Efforts was made to investigate the small molecular composition of scorpion for screen of biological active compounds thus provide possible explication for the officinal efficacy of scorpions. The methyl tert-butyl ether-methanolwater system was used to extract as many components as possible from scorpion. The upper layer of the extraction was methylated for GC-MS analysis of scorpion fatty acids（FAs） and the lower layer was silylated for polar molecules analysis such as amino acids（AAs）. 20 out of 30 FAs were identified and the 9-Octadecenoic acid, cis-9, cis-12-Octadecadienoic acid, palmitate and stearic acid, were found to be the most abundant FAs in scorpion. Unlike previously published result which reported the saturate FAs as the main FAs in scorpion, the unsaturated FAs were found to account for more than 70% of the total scorpion FAs. This might answer for part of the biological activity and the human health benefited effects of scorpion. More than 50% of the polar compounds are free AAs, including thirteen protein AA and three non-protein AA. Seven out eight of the essential amino acids were found in scorpion, guaranteed the nutrition supplement of scorpion. Identification of the fatty acids and amino acids were done by comparison of experimental data with those in NIST or Feihn＇s library, as well as with authentic standards when they are available. Methodologically, the present work shown the MTBE extraction is suitable for comprehensive sample preparation of complex sample such as whole scorpion and the strategy can be applied to analogous studies. Results obtained in the present study improved our knowledge of scorpion composition and might help to make full use of its officinal and dietary value.

关 键 词：蝎子 脂肪酸 氨基酸 气相色谱-质谱联用 样品处理 

分 类 号：TS207.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]