知识创新教育机制的当代转型——芬兰教育与中国通识教育的对话  

The Contemporary Transformation of Educational Mechanism for Knowledge Innovation

作　　者：尤西林[1] 黄保罗[2] YOU Xi-lin Paulos HUANG(School of Chinese Language and Literature, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi＇an 710119, Shaanxi World Cultures, University of Helsinki, Finlan)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学文学院,陕西西安710119 [2]赫尔辛基大学世界文化系

出　　处：《陕西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2017年第3期5-17,共13页Journal of Shaanxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：享誉世界的芬兰教育正在从专业知识传授教育转向实践情境教育。实践情境作为知识创新与教育发生学的结合母体,使电子信息时代面临挑战的专业知识教育获得了知识创新与教育发生学的活力。人性全面发展的教育理念与全社会对教师至高尊崇的文明,是芬兰教育成功的核心。由此奠基的自由探索的实践情境教育深刻区别于手段地位的实用主义教育。作为中国当代核心方向的创新机制建设,不能仍然基于工具理性囿限于专业学科自身的攻关研究,而必须扩展为创新机制所依托的社会制度变革与文化建设。通识教育为专业教育提供的主体文化素养与自由创新认知结构,是从近代以来富国强兵的工具理性转向信仰与热爱科学真理并以人的全面发展为目的的教育枢纽,同时也是包括专业学科在内的中国社会创新机制建设的基础动力。In Finland, the knowledge-infusing education has been transforming toward the practical -contextual education. The practical-contextual education is the combination of knowledge innovation and education genesis, which motivates the education of specialized knowledge and endows it the energy of knowledge innovation and education genesis, expecially while key conditions for the success of the Finland it is facing the chanllenges from the electronic information age. The system of education are two ： the pedagogial ideas of the holistic development of humanity, and the repescts for teachers in the whole of society. On the basis of this, the practicalcontextual education with freedom is different from any other pragmatistic education which always views education as some sorts of tool. In comtemporary China, the construction of innovation system is the crucial direction for modernization, however, it can not be confined in instrumental rationality and the research of specialized fields, it should be expanded as the refomation of social instution and the building of culture on which the innovation system can rely. Liberal education that provides the cultural cultivation and the cognitive structure of libera1 creativity for the education of specialized areas, is the crucial considerarion for the transformation from instrumental rationality to holistic development of people. At the same time, it contains the fundamental motivation for the innovation of China in the future.

关 键 词：芬兰教育 中国通识教育 实践情境教学 创新机制建设 实用主义教育 人的全面发展教育理念 

分 类 号：G40-059.3[文化科学—教育学原理] G40-012[文化科学—教育学]