Exosomes: a novel therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease?  

作　　者：Zhi-You Cai Ming Xiao Sohel H.Quazi Zun-Yu Ke 

机构地区：[1]Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital [2]Department of Anatomy, Nanjing Medical University [3]Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Texas A & M University-Kingsville [4]Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine

出　　处：《Neural Regeneration Research》2018年第5期930-935,共6页中国神经再生研究（英文版）

基　　金：financially supported by the Health and Family Planning Scientific Research Project of Hubei Province of China,No.WJ2015MB219

摘　　要：Extracellular exosomes are formed inside the cytoplasm of cells in compartments known as multivesicular bodies. Thus, exosomes contain cytoplasmic content. Multivesicular bodies fuse with the plasma membrane and release exosomes into the extracellular environment. Comprehensive research suggests that exosomes act as both inflammatory intermediaries and critical inducers of oxidative stress to drive progression of Alzheimer＇s disease. An important role of exosomes in Alzheimer＇s disease includes the formation of neurofibrillary tangles and beta-amyloid production, clearance, and accumulation. In addition, exosomes are involved in neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, which both act as triggers for beta-amyloid pathogenesis and tau hyperphosphorylation. Further, it has been shown that exosomes are strongly associated with beta-amyloid clearance. Thus, effective measures for regulating exosome metabolism may be novel drug targets for Alzheimer＇s disease.Extracellular exosomes are formed inside the cytoplasm of cells in compartments known as multivesicular bodies. Thus, exosomes contain cytoplasmic content. Multivesicular bodies fuse with the plasma membrane and release exosomes into the extracellular environment. Comprehensive research suggests that exosomes act as both inflammatory intermediaries and critical inducers of oxidative stress to drive progression of Alzheimer＇s disease. An important role of exosomes in Alzheimer＇s disease includes the formation of neurofibrillary tangles and beta-amyloid production, clearance, and accumulation. In addition, exosomes are involved in neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, which both act as triggers for beta-amyloid pathogenesis and tau hyperphosphorylation. Further, it has been shown that exosomes are strongly associated with beta-amyloid clearance. Thus, effective measures for regulating exosome metabolism may be novel drug targets for Alzheimer＇s disease.

关 键 词：nerve regeneration MICROVESICLE BETA-AMYLOID tau NEUROINFLAMMATION oxidative stress therapeutic target NEURODEGENERATION DEMENTIA neural regeneration 

分 类 号：R749.16[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]