民族地区中职教育发展的经验、问题与对策  

Experience, Problems and Countermeasures of Secondary Vocational Education Development in Ethnic Minority Areas

作　　者：杨智[1] 陈越 YANG Zhi;CHEN Yue(Guizhou Education University,Guiyang Guizhou 550018;Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang Guizhou 550001)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范学院,贵州贵阳550018 [2]贵州师范大学,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《当代职业教育》2020年第4期40-47,共8页Contemporary Vocational Education

基　　金：贵州省社会科学院2019年度省领导圈示课题“贵州省民族职业技术教育研究”(编号:QS2019018)。

摘　　要：贵州省民族地区中职教育在"雨露计划""9+3"计划以及职教扶贫等政策的推动下发展迅速且成效显著,但与其他经济发达地区相比仍存在一定差距。以中职教育质量提升为导向,通过梳理贵州省民族地区中职教育专业建设、招生、就业、师资队伍、基础设施设备与经费投入等方面的现状,总结了民族地区中职教育发展的经验。目前,贵州省民族地区中职教育发展仍存在专业布局不合理,招生难度较大,就业与升学渠道不够畅通,师资队伍结构不合理以及校企融合难落实等问题,因此,贵州省民族地区中职教育发展要继续实施专业动态调整,降低专业设置的区域性重复率;加大宣传与培训力度,构建更加畅通的招生渠道;增强就业服务地方的能力,努力拓宽升学渠道;继续推行引进与培养相结合的机制,提升师资队伍的水平;深化校企合作,鼓励学校自创或联创实训基地,实现民族地区中职教育的"追赶式"发展。The secondary vocational education in ethnic minority areas in Guizhou province has developed rapidly and achieved remarkable results under the promotion of the "Rain and Dew Plan", "9+3" plan and the poverty alleviation policy of vocational education. However, there is still a particular gap compared with other economically developed regions. Guided by the quality improvement of secondary vocational education, this paper summarizes the development experience of secondary vocational education in ethnic minority areas by combing the current status of the professional construction of vocational education, enrollment, employment, faculty team,infrastructure equipment and investment, etc. At present, the development of secondary vocational education in ethnic minority areas in Guizhou province still has an unreasonable layout, difficulty in enrolling students,insufficient channels for employment and further education, unreasonable faculty team structure, and difficulty implementing school-enterprise integration. As a result, the development of secondary vocational education in ethnic minority areas in Guizhou should carry out professional dynamic adjustment, reduce the regional repetition rate of professional settings;Increase publicity and training efforts to build a more smooth recruitment channel;Strengthen the ability of employment services to local areas, and make efforts to broaden further education channels;Continue to carry out the mechanism combining introduction and training to improve the level of teachers;Deepen the cooperation between school and enterprise, encourage schools to create or jointly create training bases, and realize the "catch-up" development of secondary vocational education in ethnic minority areas.

关 键 词：民族地区 中职教育 职教扶贫 产教融合 校企合作 

分 类 号：G710[文化科学—职业技术教育学]