美国科学教育评估的新动向及启示——基于NAEP2028科学评估框架的分析  

New Trends and Implications of Science Education Assessment in the United States:Analysis Based on 2028 NAEP Science Assessment Framework

作　　者：荆鹏 吕立杰[1] JING Peng;LYU Lijie(Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024,China;The Ohio State University,Columbus 43210,USA)

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学,长春130024 [2]俄亥俄州立大学,美国哥伦布43210

出　　处：《中国考试》2024年第8期99-110,共12页journal of China Examinations

基　　金：2022年度教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“‘双减’背景下基础教育课堂形态与高质量发展研究”(22JZD047)。

摘　　要：教育评价改革关乎科学教育的高质量发展。为适应未来经济社会发展和提升教育全球竞争力,美国时隔20年后对NAEP科学评估框架进行了结构性更新。NAEP 2028科学评估框架以科学学科概念、科学与工程实践、科学跨学科概念作为三大测评维度,重视依托高质量的情境,设计具有连贯性、进阶性和整合性的多样化测试题目,同时将科学意义建构理念贯穿所有测试题目,并采用数字化手段实施测评。为尽可能避免因简单归因产生的误区,NAEP测评结果报告强调结合特定背景变量进行分析。借鉴美国经验,我国科学教育评价改革应立足科学素养目标,关注真实情境创设,积极推进评价数字化转型,并注重结合背景变量对评价结果进行多维解释。The reform of educational assessment is essential for the high-quality development of science education.To align with future socio-economic development and enhance global competitiveness in education,the United States has structurally updated the NAEP science assessment framework after 20 years.The NAEP 2028 science assessment framework places emphasis on three dimensions:NAEP disciplinary concepts,NAEP science and engineering practices,and NAEP crosscutting concepts.It highlights the design of high-quality contexts with coherence,advancement,and integration for diverse testing items while integrating the concept of scientific meaning construction into all test items and implementing digital means for assessment.To minimize simple attribution pitfalls,the NAEP assessment result report emphasizes analyzing results based on specific contextual variables.China's reform in science education assessment can draw experience from the United States by focusing on scientific literacy goals,creating real-life scenarios,actively promoting digital transformation in assessment,and paying attention to multi-dimensional interpretation of assessment results based on contextual variables.

关 键 词：NAEP 科学教育 教育评价改革 教育数字化 跨学科 

分 类 号：G405[文化科学—教育学原理]