苦荞蛋白降血脂肽的酶解制备、氨基酸组成及活性研究  

Preparation,Amino Acid Composition and Activity of Tartary Buckwheat Protein Lipid-lowering Peptide

作　　者：张笑莹 钟婉滢 马凤 叶灏铎 苗建银[1] 李静[2] 巩发永[2] ZHANG Xiaoying;ZHONG Wanying;MA Feng;YE Haoduo;MIAO Jianyin;LI Jing;GONG Fayong(College of Food Science,South China Agricultural University,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods,Guangzhou 510642,China;Panxi Crops Research and Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Xichang College,Xichang 615013,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学食品学院,广东省功能食品活性物重点实验室,广东广州510642 [2]攀西特色作物研究与利用四川省重点实验室,西昌学院,四川西昌615013

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2024年第21期129-139,共11页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：攀西特色作物研究与利用四川省重点实验室资助课题(SZKF2206);广东省自然科学基金项目(2023A1515010006)。

摘　　要：以苦荞麦为原料提取苦荞蛋白,以胰脂肪酶抑制率为指标,通过单因素和响应面优化试验筛选出苦荞蛋白降血脂肽的酶解条件,同时对苦荞蛋白降血脂肽的氨基酸组成和降血脂活性进行研究。结果表明,用菠萝蛋白酶酶解苦荞蛋白得到的降血脂肽对胰脂肪酶的抑制活性更高,其最佳酶解条件为酶解时间2.1 h,酶解温度62.0℃,底物浓度3.23%,pH7.0和酶底比0.4%,在此条件下酶解物的胰脂肪酶抑制率为81.22%±0.16%。氨基酸分析结果显示,苦荞蛋白降血脂肽中必需氨基酸占比27.82%,疏水性氨基酸占比32.11%,酸性氨基酸占比35.86%,精氨酸与赖氨酸的比值为2.28。苦荞蛋白肽显示出良好的体外降血脂活性,其牛磺胆酸钠结合率、胆固醇酯酶抑制率和胰脂肪酶抑制率的EC_(50)/IC_(50)值分别为9.136、3.902和0.051 mg/mL。研究结果为苦荞麦资源的高值化利用和苦荞蛋白活性肽的开发提供了新思路和理论依据。Tartary buckwheat was used as raw material to extract tartary buckwheat protein,and the enzymatic hydrolysis conditions of tartary buckwheat protein lipid-lowering peptides were screened by single factor and response surface optimization experiments using the inhibition rate of pancreatic lipase as index.The amino acid composition and lipid lowering activity of lipid-lowering peptides were studied.The results showed that the lipid-lowering peptides obtained from tartary buckwheat protein with bromelain had higher inhibitory activity on pancreatic lipase.The optimal enzymatic hydrolysis conditions were hydrolysis time 2.1 h,hydrolysis temperature 62.0℃,substrate concentration 3.23%,pH7.0 and enzyme substrate ratio 0.4%.Under these conditions,the inhibitory rate of pancreatic lipase was 81.22%±0.16%.Amino acid analysis showed that essential amino acids,hydrophobic amino acids and acidic amino acids accounted for 27.82%,32.11%,35.86%,and the ratio of arginine to lysine was 2.28.The EC_(50)/IC_(50) values of sodium taurine cholic acid binding rate,cholesterol esterase inhibition rate and pancreatic lipase inhibition rate were 9.136,3.902 and 0.051 mg/mL,respectively.The results provided a new idea and theoretical basis for the high-value utilization of tartary buckwheat resources and the development of tartary buckwheat protein active peptides.

关 键 词：苦荞蛋白 酶解 响应面优化 降血脂肽 氨基酸组成 活性评价 

分 类 号：TS201.1[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]