TG酶-壳聚糖复合改性对鱼明胶凝胶特性的影响及初探  

Effects of TG Enzyme-Chitosan Composite Modification on the Characteristics of Fish Gelatin Gel and Its Preliminary Exploration

作　　者：王成成 孙婉怡 湛胜楠 楼乔明[1] 黄涛[1] WANG Chengcheng;SUN Wanyi;ZHAN Shengnan;LOU Qiaoming;HUANG Tao(College of Food Science and Engineering,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315000,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学食品科学与工程学院,浙江宁波315000

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2024年第23期69-75,共7页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：浙江省基础公益研究计划项目(LGN21C200008);宁波市青年科技创新领军人才项目(2023QL038);宁波市青年博士创新项目(2023J380)。

摘　　要：鱼明胶(FG)较差的凝胶特性限制了其在生产中的应用,壳聚糖(CS)和谷氨酰胺转氨酶(TG)已被证明可以用于改善FG的凝胶特性。本研究采用CS和TG对FG进行改性,制备了两种不同类型的改性明胶:FGTG、FG-TG-CS。对比研究了两种改性方式对FG凝胶强度、质构特性、流变学性质、荧光强度、红外光谱和体外消化率的影响。结果表明:单一TG改性和复合改性均能显著提高FG的凝胶强度和质构特性。CS添加量为0.7%时,复合改性的FG有最高的凝胶强度和硬度,分别为522.02±0.07 g和11.79±0.30 N。流变结果表明复合改性组有最高的粘度(η50=0.53±0.04 mPa·s)、凝胶点(23.04±0.17℃)和融胶点(31.30±0.25℃)。改性后样品荧光强度降低,且复合修饰组有更高的荧光猝灭效率。傅里叶红外光谱红移表明复合修饰增加了体系中α-螺旋含量,有助于稳定胶体的形成。因此,TG-CS复合修饰可以有效解决FG凝胶特性较弱的缺点。The poor gel properties of fish gelatin(FG)limit its application in production.Chitosan(CS)and glutamine transaminase(TG)have been proved to be able to improve the gel properties of FG.In this study,TG and CS were used to modify FG,producing two kinds of modified gelatin:FG-TG and FG-TG-CS.The effects of two modification methods on the strength,texture characteristics,rheological properties,fluorescence intensity,infrared spectrum and in vitro digestibility of FG gel were compared.The findings revealed that both single and complex modifications could greatly improve the gel strength and textural qualities of FG.As CS addiction was 0.7%,the complex modified FG had the highest gel strength and hardness,which were 522.02±0.07 g and 11.79±0.30 N,respectively.Rheological results revealed that the complex modified gelatin had the maximum viscosity(η50=0.53±0.04 mPa·s),gelling points(23.04±0.17℃),and melting points(31.30±0.25℃).Modification decreased the fluorescence intensity of the samples and complex modification showed higher fluorescence quenching effectiveness.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy redshift indicated that the complex modification boosted theα-helix content in the system,stabilize the formation of colloids.Thus,the TG-CS complex modification effectively solve the shortcomings of weak gelling properties.

关 键 词：鱼明胶 复合修饰 凝胶特性 结构特性 

分 类 号：TS254.9[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程]