supported by the financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFA1403602);the National Natural Science Foundation of China ( 52161160334,and 12274437);the Science Center of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52088101);the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research (YSBR084);supported by the project PRIN 2020LWPKH7 funded by the Italian Ministry of Research and under the Project No. 101070287—SWAN-on-chip—HORIZON-CL4-2021-DIGITALEMERGING-01 funded by the European Union;part supported by KACST;NSF;supported by the RIKEN Special Postdoctoral Researcher (SPDR) program。
The importance of topological spin textures(TSTs), such as skyrmions, merons, hopfions, etc., is due to their static and dynamic properties [1]. They carry a topological number that characterizes the homotopy group Π...