食用菌浸提工艺及其复合饮料的研究  

Water Extraction Technology of Edible Fungi and Development of Compound Beverages

作　　者：朱坚[1,2] 梁朔[1,2] 袁滨[1] 王金福[2] 

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学菌物研究中心,福建福州350002 [2]福建农林大学园艺学院,福建福州350002

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2011年第4期761-767,共7页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：福建省星火计划重点项目"银耳;竹荪等食用菌精深加工综合技术开发"(No.2006S0001)

摘　　要：以多糖浸出量为指标,进行银耳、竹荪、香菇、姬松茸的浸提工艺优化,获得最佳浸提工艺参数为:银耳浸提料水比1∶100,温度90℃,浸提时间3 h;竹荪浸提料水比1∶110,温度100℃,浸提时间3 h;香菇浸提料水比1∶80,温度100℃,浸提时间3 h;姬松茸浸提料水比1∶100,温度100℃,浸提时间3 h。经复合饮料配制工艺优化,获得最佳配方为:银耳浸提液20 mL、竹荪浸提液30 mL、香菇浸提液10 mL、姬松茸浸提液10 mL、枸杞浸提液15 mL、山楂浸提液15 mL,添加蔗糖2.0 g,添加葡萄糖0.4 g,接受性检测结果表明,其色香味俱佳,具有食用菌特色。小鼠免疫试验结果表明,小鼠脾指数、胸腺指数、巨噬细胞对鸡红细胞的吞噬率和吞噬指数均显著提高,初步证明该复合饮料有提高免疫功能的作用。The extraction processes of Tremella fuciformis, Dictyophora echinovolvata, Lentinula edodes, Agaricus blazei were optimized, based on the amount of polysaccharides as an indicator. The optimized extraction process for Tremella fuciformis was the ratio of material to water 1 ： 100, temperature 90 ℃, time of extraction 3 h; that for Dictyophora echivolvata was the ratio of material to water 1 ： 110, temperature 100 ℃, time of extraction 3 h; that for Lentinula edodes was the ratio of material to water 1：80, temperature 100 ℃, time of extraction 3 h; that for Agar/cus blazei was the ratio of material to water 1 ： 100, temperature 100 ℃, time of extraction 3 h. The composition of the composite beverage made from the edible fungi was also optimized. It was 20 mL of the extraction solution of Tremella fuciformis, 30 mL of the extraction solution of Dictyophora echinovolvata, 10 mL of the extraction solution of Lentinula edodes, 10 mL of the extraction solution ofAgar/cus blazei, 15 mL of extraction solution of medlar, 15 mL of extraction solution of hawthorn, 2.0 g cane sugar, 0.4 g glucose. The acceptable test showed that the beverage had a good flavor and taste. And the results of immunological mice test showed that the spleen index, thymus index, the phagocytic index of macrophage against chicken red blood ceils were significantly increased, so the preliminary conclusion was that the of composite beverage made from the edible fungi had the effect on enhancing immunity.

关 键 词：银耳 竹荪 香菇 姬松茸 浸提工艺 复合饮料 

分 类 号：S646[农业科学—蔬菜学]