勐海县不同乡镇晒青茶香气组分的差异分析  

Comparative Analysis on Aromatic Components of Sun-dried Green Tea from Different Townships in Menghai County

作　　者：肖巧梅 张晓宇 王娟[1] 吕才有[1] XIAO Qiaomei;ZHANG Xiaoyu;WANG Juan;LÜCaiyou(Tea Academy,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学茶学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2023年第13期332-339,共8页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：国家现代农业茶叶产业体系专项资金项目(CARS-19);云南省教育厅科学研究基金资助项目(2020Y139)。

摘　　要：结合感官审评、电子鼻及气相色谱-质谱(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)技术对勐海县不同乡镇晒青茶香气的主要组分和差异进行分析。感官审评表明各乡镇晒青茶在主要香气类型上表现出差异,布朗山为果香,西定为清香,勐阿和勐遮为木香,勐满、格朗和与勐宋为花香。电子鼻结果表明各乡镇晒青茶香气差别明显,W1S、W1W、W2S和W2W传感器起主要区分作用,PCA分析中布朗山、勐阿明显区别于其他乡镇。GC-MS在7个乡镇晒青茶中共检测出77种挥发性物质,以烯类、烷类和醇类为主,芳樟醇、d-柠檬烯、柏木脑、双戊烯、α-柏木烯相对含量较高。聚类热图结果表明格朗和、布朗山、勐宋、勐满和西定的挥发性物质总体相似度较高,勐阿、勐遮与其他乡镇差别最大。38种具有香气描述的挥发物分为果香、花香、木香(清香)3大类型,各香气类型挥发物总相对含量在不同乡镇中差异较大,果香、花香、木香(清香)类型挥发物的总相对含量最高分别为布朗山、勐满和勐遮。除勐宋外的各乡镇晒青茶中均能找到2~3种特有香气物质,其中布朗山特有藏红花醛和1-甲基萘,勐满特有苯甲醛和1,2,4-三甲基苯,勐阿特有4-异丙基甲苯和左旋-alpha-蒎烯;格朗和特有4-蒈烯、二氢香芹醇和2-蒎烯,勐遮特有alpha-松油醇、樟脑和雪松烯,西定特有α-罗勒烯。综合分析可得,勐海不同乡镇晒青茶香气在感官审评和挥发物香气类型、种类及相对含量上均存在较大差异,表现出各具特色的香气品质特征。In this paper,sensory evaluation,electronic nose and gas chromatography mass spectrometry(GC-MS)were used to analyze the main aromatic components and differences of sun-dried green tea in different townships of Menghai County.Sensory evaluation showed that the main aroma types of sun-dried green tea in townships were different,with fruit aroma in the Bulang Mountain,green aroma in Xiding,woody aroma in Meng'a and Mengzhe,floral aroma in Mengman,Gelang and Mengsong.The results of electronic nose showed that the aroma of sun-dried green tea in different townships was significantly different,and W1S,W1W,W2S and W2W sensors played a major role in distinguishing.In PCA analysis,the Bulang Mountain and Meng'a Mingxian were different from other townships.A total of 77 volatile substances were detected in sun-dried green tea from 7 townships by GC-MS,mainly including olefins,alkanes and alcohols,the most abundant being linalool,d-limonene,cedrol,limonene,α-cedrene.The result of Clustering thermogram showed that the general similarity of volatile substances in Gelanghe,the Bulang Mountain,Mengsong,Mengman and Xiding was the highest,and the difference between Meng'a,Mengzhe and other towns was the largest.There were 38 components with aroma description could be divided into three types:fruit aroma,flower aroma and woody aroma(green).The total relative content of volatile matter of each aroma type varied greatly in different townships.The highest total relative content of volatile matter of fruit aroma,flower aroma and woody aroma(green)types were the Bulang Mountain,Mengman and Mengzhe respectively.2~3 kinds of special aromatic components could be found in the sun-dried green tea in other townships except Mengsong.Among them,the Bulang Mountain had safranal and naphthalene,Mengman had benzaldehyded and 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene,Meng'a had p-cymene and(-)-α-pinene,Gelanghe had 4-carene,cyclohexanol andα-pinene,Mengzhe had(S)-(-)-α-terpineol,(R)-camphor,and cedrene,Xiding hadα-ocimene.The comprehensive analysis showed that

关 键 词：晒青茶 感官审评 电子鼻 气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS) 挥发性物质 

分 类 号：TS272.4[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]