不同制油工艺对油莎豆油品质影响的研究  

Effects of different extraction processes on quality of Cyperus esculentus oil

作　　者：刘玉兰[1] 田瑜[1] 王璐阳[1] 魏安池[1] 张振山[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南工业大学粮油食品学院,郑州450001

出　　处：《中国油脂》2016年第7期1-5,共5页China Oils and Fats

基　　金：国家粮食局粮油行业标准制定项目--油莎豆油;公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303072-2)

摘　　要：对4个不同产地的油莎豆样品进行主要组分含量测定,对压榨法、溶剂浸出法所制取的8个油莎豆油样进行特征指标及质量指标、脂肪酸组成、维生素E组分含量测定,并对油莎豆饼粕主要组分含量进行测定。结果表明：油莎豆粗脂肪含量18.71%～26.14%,不同产地间存在显著性差异（P〈0.05）;粗蛋白质含量5.20%～6.61%,总糖、淀粉含量分别为52.52%～63.34%及21.55%～33.58%;油莎豆油酸值（KOH）1.00～2.67 mg/g,甾醇含量66.42～174.76 mg/100 g,磷脂含量0.02%～0.73%,压榨油的酸值、甾醇含量、磷脂含量均低于浸出油;过氧化值0.02～2.92mmol/kg,压榨油高于浸出油;维生素E含量42.09～60.50 mg/100 g（其中α-生育酚占维生素E总量的32.91%～63.93%）,油酸、亚油酸含量分别为67.71%～74.60%及8.79%～11.48%,是一种优质的食用油;油莎豆饼粕粗蛋白质含量5.89%～7.88%,总糖及淀粉含量分别为60.30%～76.43%及24.63%～36.77%,相比于其他油料,油莎豆及其饼粕的粗蛋白质含量低、糖类含量高,适宜作为食品及饮品原料。The main component contents in Cyperus esculent samples from four producing areas were deter- mined. The characteristic index, quality index, fatty acid composition and VE content of eight Cyperus escu- /entus oil samples obtained by pressing and solvent extraction were determined, and the main component contents in Cyperus esculent cake and meal were determined. The results showed that the crude fat con- tent of Cyperus esculentus was 18.71% -26. lg%, and there were significant differences among different producing areas （P 〈 0.05 ）. The contents of crude protein, total sugar and starch in Cyperus esculentus were 5.20% -6.61% ,52.52% -63.34% and 21.55% -33.58% ,respectively. The acid value of Cyperus esculentus oil was 1.00 - 2.67 mgKOH/g, and the contents of sterol and phospholipid of Cyperus esculentus oil were 66.42 - 174.76 mg/100 g and 0.02% -0.73% respectively. The acid value and contents of sterol and phospholipid of the pressed oil were lower than those of the solvent extracted oil. The peroxide value of Cyperus esculentus oil was 0.02 - 2.92 mmol/kg, and the pressed oil＇s was higher than the solvent extracted oil＇s. The contents of VE ,oleic acid and linoleic acid of Cyperus esculentus oil were 42.09 -60. 50 mg/100 g （ the content of a - tocopherol accounted for 32.91% - 63.93% of total VE ） ,67.71% - 74.60% and 8.79% -11.48% respectively,indicating that Cyperus esculentus oil was a kind of high quality edible oil. The contents of crude protein, total sugar and starch in Cyperus esculentus cake and meal were5.89% -7.88% ,60.30% -76.43% and 24.63% - 36. 77% respectively. Compared with other oil plants, the protein contents of Cyperus esculentus and its cake and meal were lower and the sugar contents were higher, which were suitable for being used as raw material for food and beverage.

关 键 词：油莎豆 油莎豆油 压榨油 浸出油 油脂品质 油莎豆饼粕 

分 类 号：TS224[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程] TQ646[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]