两种海洋甲壳动物挥发性物质的研究  

Studies on Volatile Substances in Two Species of Marine Crustacean

作　　者：蔺佳良[1] 蔡江佳[1] 何红萍[1] 黄健[2] 周君[1] 张春丹[1] 李晔[1] 何维娜[1] 王稷[1] 苏秀榕[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海洋学院,浙江宁波315211 [2]北京普析通用仪器有限责任公司,北京101200

出　　处：《中国食品学报》2015年第9期240-249,共10页Journal of Chinese Institute Of Food Science and Technology

摘　　要：目的:探明不同温度下两种海水甲壳动物(三疣梭子蟹和南美白对虾)的挥发性物质的变化情况。方法:用电子鼻(E-Nose)定性分析不同温度下三疣梭子蟹和南美白对虾的挥发性风味物质。采用顶空固相微萃取-气质联用仪(HS-SPME-GC-MS)定量分析其挥发性物质的变化。结果:电子鼻可检测到不同温度下气味的变化,经主成分分析(PCA)分析,三疣梭子蟹和南美白对虾的气味(挥发性物质)都在加热到100℃和150℃时发生较大变化。利用HS-SPME-GC-MS从新鲜、100℃及150℃的蟹和虾中分别鉴定出49,81和70种挥发性物质,主要有醇类、醛类、酮类、酚类、酯类、碳氢类等化合物。结论:加热前、后挥发性物质成分及含量的变化最终致使三疣梭子蟹和南美白对虾拥有各自独特的风味。两种肌肉在不同加热温度下所产生的主要挥发性物质有:正辛醛、2-戊基呋喃、2-甲基吡嗪和(Z)-4-庚烯醛等(三疣梭子蟹),二甲基三硫化物、4-乙基苯酚、2-乙酰基吡咯和三甲基吡嗪等(南美白对虾)。Objective： The goal of this paper was to examine the volatile substances in two species of marine crus- tacean （Portunustrituberculatus and Penaeusvanmm^i Boone） and how they change with temperature. Method： Electronic nose was used to detect the changes in the volatile temperatures, Headspace solid-phase substances of two species of marine crustacean at different heating gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （HS-SPME-GC-MS） was used to analyze changes in the volatile substances. Result： The results showed that the electronic nose could detect changes in aroma before and after heating, The data was dealt with principal component analysis （PCA）, It showed that the smell of two species of marine crustacean changed notably when heated to 100 ℃ and 150 ℃. Using GC-MS, 49, 81 and 70 volatile substances were identified in fresh two species of marine crustacean, two species of marine crustacean heated to 100 ℃ and 150 ℃. Among these, the majority of the volatile components were compounds such as alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, phenols, esters and hydrocarbon. Conclusion： the volatile substancesintwo species of marine crustacean were changed a lot after heating, these changes may play much important roles in the construction of special flavor in Por- tunustrituberculatus and Penaeusvannwnei Boone. Volatile compounds of muscle in Portunustrituberculatus and Pe- naeusvannamei Boone at different temperatures： octanal, 2-pentyl-furan, 2-methyl-pyrazine and （Z）--4-heptenal（Portunus- trituberculatus） ; dimethyl-trisulfide, 4-ethyl-phenol, 2-acetyl pyrroleandtrimethyl-pymzine （Penaeusvannamei Boone）.

关 键 词：三疣梭子蟹 南美白对虾 挥发性物质 电子鼻 顶空固相微萃取-气质联用 

分 类 号：TS254.7[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程]