We thank Professor Yuxian Zhu and Zhenquan Guo (College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Peking, China) for guidance in accomplishing this work and Dr Zachary Klase (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA) for critical reading of the manuscript.This work was supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81272379) and Beijing Natural Science Foundation (5092012).
We have demonstrated that c-Src suppression inhibited the epithelial to mesenchymal transition in human breast cancer cells. Here, we investigated the role of c-Src on the cell cycle progression using siRNAs and small...
Acknowledgments We greatly appreciate the support of Dr Shigang He (Institute of Biophyscis, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China) for facilitating this research. We also appreciate the generous gift of different Shh and Smo mutants from Drs Chin Chiang and Xi Huang (Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA), the Ptchl^loop2 construct from Dr Paola Bovolenta (Instituto Cajal (CSIC) and CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Spain), the Lmxlb antibody from Dr Yuqian Ding (Tongji University, China) and the Pax6 antibody from Dr Zhenggang Yang (Fudan University, China). We thank Dr Helen Cooper (University of Queensland, Australia) for critical reading of the manuscript. We thank Drs Javid A Dar and Junkui Ai (University of Pittsburgh, USA) for proofreading the manuscript. This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30640006, 30771063, 30871425 and 30990261) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KSCX2-EW-Q- 11).
Relatively little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying spatial pathfinding in the descending serotonergic raphespinal tract (RST) in the developing spinal cord, one of the most important nerve pathways...
Acknowledgments We thank Dr Ning Zheng (University of Washington, USA) for critical reading of our manuscript, Dr Xi He (Children's Hospital Boston, USA) and Dr Tetsu Akiyama (University of Tokyo, Japan) for the generous gifts of human APC and Asef cDNA, respectively. We thank Dr Jiahai Zhou (Chinese Academy of Sciences), Dr Min- gjin Fang (Fudan University, China), Dr Zhiyong Lou (Tsinghua University, China), and Dr Yanhui Xu (Fudan University, China) for assistance in crystal diffraction data reduction and structure determination. We thank the staffs at the beamline BL17UI at Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (China) and beamlines BL5 and BL17A at KEK Photon Factory (Japan) for assistance in data collection. This work was supported by grants from the Na- tional Natural Science Foundation of China (30900225, 30821005 and 90919021), Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Edu- cation Commission (09ZZ23), the "Dawn" Program of Shanghai Education Commission (08SGll), Shanghai Pujiang Program (09PJ1405500), the Key Project of Chinese Ministry of Educa- tion (109060), the Program for Professor of Special Appointment (Eastern Scholar) at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning, the National Comprehensive Technology Platforms for Innova- tive Drug R&D (2009ZX09301-007), the State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry (China), and the State Key Laboratory of Drug Research (China).
Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) regulates cell-cell adhesion and cell migration through activating the APC- stimulated guanine nucleotide-exchange factor (GEF; Asef), which is usually autoinhibited through the bi...
We thank Dr Jin Jiang (University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, USA), Dr Robert Holmgren (Northwestern University, USA), the ARIAD Pharmaceuticals and Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank at the university of Iowa for reagents. We thank Dr Xiaochen Wang (National Institute of Biological Sciences, China), Dr Min Wu (Wuhan University, China) and Dr Zhaocai Zhou (Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS, China) for critical comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30623003, 30971647 and 30971646), the National Key Scientific Program of China (2011 CB943902 and 2010CB912100), Shanghai Pujiang Program (09PJ1410900) and also from the "Strategic Priority Research Program" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA01010405 and XDA01010406). Y Z and L Z are the scholars of the Hundred Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
The Hedgehog (Hh) family of secreted proteins is essential for development in both vertebrates and invertebrates. As one of main morphogens during metazoan development, the graded Hh signal is transduced across the ...
Acknowledgments We thank Dr Emily Liman (University of Southern California, USA) for providing the pGEMHE vector for the Xenopus oocyte experiments. We also thank Dr Richer Gaber (Northwestern Uni- versity, USA) for providing the yeast mutant strain with K+ transport deficiency. We are grateful to Dr Rainer Hedrich (University of Wurzburg, Germany) for critical discussion. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 30830013 to WHW), the Beijing Municipal Education Commission (grant no. YB20081001901 to WHW) and the Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities (grant no. B06003 to WHW).
Potassium transporters play crucial roles in K^+ uptake and translocation in plants. However, so far little is known about the regulatory mechanism of potassium transporters. Here, we show that a Shaker-like potassiu...
We thank Dr Ottoline Leyser (University of York, UK) for providing axrl-3 and Dr Mark Estelle (UC, San Diego, USA) for providing tirlafb2afb3 triple mutant seeds. This work was supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30830009).
The ratio of auxin and cytokinin plays a crucial role in regulating aerial architecture by promoting or repressing axillary bud outgrowth. We have previously identified an Arabidopsis mutant bud2 that displays altered...
Chinese Offshore Investigation and Assessment Project, No.908-01-ST09; State Student Innovation Training Project, No.SIT-05; Program for New Century Excellent Talents, No.NCET-06-0446; National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.J0630535 Acknowledgement The research vessel Experiment 2 (South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences) performed the field survey and Prof. Lizhe Cai and his colleagues help to collect the sediment samples. Prof. Shu Gao and Asso. Prof. Yongzhan Zhang have provided a lot of support and valuable suggestions for this study. Miss Xiaoqin Du helped with sediment transportation and Mr. Fengyang Min assisted in the operation of related software. The comments from Dr. M. Xia (Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, NOAA, USA) have improved a lot in the presentation of the paper.
There are 71 surface sediment samples collected from the eastern Beibu Gulf. The moment parameters (i.e. mean size, sorting and skewness) were obtained after applying grain size analysis. The geostatistical analysis...
We thank Yingfang Liu (Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Acad- emy of Sciences) for advice on PX domain structure and SNX6 mutations. We are particularly grateful to Yanmin Yang (Stanford University, USA) for insightful discussions and the Flag-MAP1B LC construct. We also thank Juan S Bonifacino (NIH, USA) for the rabbit anti-CI-MPR antibody, Hiroyoshi Ariga (Hokkaido University, Japan) for Flag- and HA-tagged human SNX6 overexpression constructs, and Li Yu (Tsinghua University, China) for the YFP-EEA1 expression construct. We thank Chonglin Yang (Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences), Dahua Chen (Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences) and Li Yu for critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30770675) and Chinese Academy of Sciences (KSCX1-YW-R-37). J-J Liu is supported by the CAS 100-Tal- ents Program.
The retromer is a protein complex that mediates retrograde transport of transmembrane cargoes from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network (TGN). It is comprised of a cargo-selection subcomplex of Vps26, Vps29 and Vps3...
Acknowledgments We thank Drs Hua Gu (Columbia University, USA), Weiguo Zhang (Duke University Medical Center, USA), and Youhai H Chen (University of Pennsylvania, USA) for reviewing the manuscript and for suggestions, and Dr Ilia Voskoboinik (Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Australia) for providing the mouse perforin cDNA in pKS(+) Bluescript. Ragl^-/- mice were gifts from Xiaolong Liu (Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, China). This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30325018, 30530700, 30623003, and 30421005) and CAS project (KSCX1-YW-R-43), grants from the National Key Project 973 (2006CB504300 and 2007CB512404), grants from the Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (04DZ14902, 04DZ19108, 06DZ22032, 04DZ19112, 07XD14033, and 07DZ22916), 863 key project (2006AA02A247), and a grant from the E-institutes of Shanghai Universities Immunology Division.
Perforin is a pore-forming protein engaged mainly in mediating target T cell death and is employed by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer cells. However, whether it also plays a role in conventional C...
We thank Drs J Zhao, DS Li, L Xiao (Chinese Academy of Sciences, China), Drs B Leo and H Wang (Agilent Technologies, USA) for helpful discussions and technical assistance, and Drs HK Mei and Y Qiu (GlaxoSmithKline, UK) for the DAVID analysis. This research was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology (2005CB522406, 2006CB943900, 2007CB947904, 2007CB947100, 2009CB941100, and 2007CB948000), National Natural Science Foundation of China (30621091, 30625014, 30623003, and 90713047), Shanghai Municipal Commission for Science and Technology (07PJ14099, 06ZR14098, and 06DZ22032), and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KSCX2-YW-R-56 and 2007KIP204).
Yamanaka factors (Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4, c-Myc) are highly expressed in embryonic stem (ES) cells, and their overexpression can induce pluripotency in both mouse and human somatic cells, indicating that these factors...